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| 研究生： |
黃崑明 HUANG, KUN-MING |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱： |
DNA指紋於刑事鑑識的統計方法探討 |
| 指導教授： | 戴政 |
| 學位類別： |
碩士
Master |
| 系所名稱： |
商學院 - 統計學系 Department of Statistics |
| 論文出版年： | 1992 |
| 畢業學年度： | 80 |
| 語文別： | 中文 |
| 論文頁數： | 49 |
| 相關次數： | 點閱：293 下載：0 |
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DNA 指紋學或稱DNA 模樣學在刑事科學上之應用已引起當程度的重視。在重大刑案，如凶殺案或強暴案之犯罪現場所蒐集到的生物跡證，若能粹取出質和量皆適宜的DNA ，則以Southern 墨漬技術做DNA 的RFLP 分析，可用來確認VNTR 基因座的重複單位之次數 (即片段長度) ，進而以其模樣做為判定嫌犯的DNA 樣品和罪犯的DNA 樣品來源是否相同，這將會是法庭上的一個強而有力證據。由於片段長度相當多，然長度差異又不太大且有測量誤差，使得條紋尺寸之分布是類似連續的，不能很清楚地把不同的片段長度區別出來，因此如何選定一個準則以將尺寸相近的條紋歸為一類，有其重要性。本文就以上問題，提出一些可能的解決方法，並以一個實例來解釋。
1、 緒論...................... 1
1.2 DNA 指紋學...................... 2
1.3 名詞定義和說明....................... 7
1.4 刑事鑑識之目的及分析方法.......................8
1.5 本文之目的....................... 10
2、 現今統計方法之使用.12
2.1 前言.......................12
2.2 等位基因分子量之推估....................... 12
2.3 等位基因測度的誤差....................... 15
2.4 等位基因頻度之推估.......................18
2.5 符合準則....................... 21
2.6 符合機率之推估....................... 24
2.7 相似指標....................... 27
3、 問題討論.......................29
3.1 DNA 指紋應用於刑事鑑識之問題....................... 29
3.2 參考族群的選擇....................... 30
3.3 參考族群中條紋尺寸之分類....................... 33
3.3.1 組內變異最小組間變異最大準則....................... 33
3.3.2 變異係數準則....................... 35
3.3.3 綜合法....................... 36
3.4 結果分析....................... 37
4、 結論....................... 44
參考文獻.......................46
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