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研究生： 林軒宇
Lin, Hsuan Yu
論文名稱： 從序列回憶到再認：Serial-Order in a Box的延伸
From recall to recognition: an extension of serial order in a box model
指導教授： 顏乃欣
Yen, Nai Shing
楊立行
Yang, Lee Xieng
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 理學院 - 心理學系
Department of Psychology
論文出版年： 2011
畢業學年度： 99
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 73
中文關鍵詞： 再認 、短期記憶
外文關鍵詞： Short-term memory, SOB
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    • 常久以來，序列回憶與再認被視為兩個不同的心理歷程，被分別的研究與探討。然而這兩個作業不僅有相似的實驗程序，受試者在作業的表現上也相當類似，因此本研究假設這兩個作業使用了相同的登入歷程與記憶表徵，只有在進行提取時的歷程有所不同。為了驗證本研究假設，原先用來模擬序列回憶作業的類神經網路模型Serial--Order in a Box (SOB)(Farrell & Lewandowsky, 2002)與其後繼C-SOB(Farrell, 2006; Lewandowsky & Farrell, 2008)被加以延伸，使其能夠進行再認。延伸的模型保留了SOB中的網路結構與登入歷程，僅使用了不同的提取歷程，便得以模擬再認作。此研究發現序列回憶與再認並不如先前認為的不相同歷程，而是有相同的登入歷程與記憶表徵。

    Serial recall and recognition are usually studied separately. However, it is reasonable to assume that those two processes have the same encoding process and representation in memory trace, due to the fact that the two tasks share a similar experimental regime and similar behavioral findings. In this study, the difference between those tasks is thought to be the retrieval process. In order to verify this hypothesis, a successful serial order recall model, Serial--Order in a Box (SOB) (Farrell & Lewandowsky, 2002), and its successor, C-SOB (Farrell, 2006; Lewandowsky & Farrell, 2008), are extended to account for recognition. By keeping the encoding process and structure in SOB unchanged, the performance of recognition task can be modeled by modifying only retrieval process. This finding supports the assumption that serial recall and recognition share the same encoding process and representation.

    書名頁. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
    授權書. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
    論文口試委員審定書. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
    摘要. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
    Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
    Table of Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
    List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
    List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
    符號說明. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii
    1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
    1.1 Recall and recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
    1.1.1 Serial recall task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
    1.1.2 Sternberg’s task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
    1.2 Mental process in serial recall and recognition tasks . . . . . . . . . . 9
    1.3 Computational modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
    2. Serial–Order in the Box and C-SOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
    2.1 Serial-Order in a Box model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
    2.1.1 Encoding process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
    2.1.2 Retrieval process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
    2.2 C-SOB model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
    2.2.1 Encoding process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
    2.2.2 Recall process in serial recall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
    3. SOB model for recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
    3.1 The extension of SOB and C-SOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
    3.1.1 Measuring energy of probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
    3.1.2 Placing decision criterion of energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
    3.2 Simulation method and results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
    3.3 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
    4. Follow up simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
    4.1 Corbin and Macquar’s finding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
    4.1.1 Simulations of Corbin and Macquar’s finding . . . . . . . . . . 41
    4.2 Distant/recent negatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
    4.2.1 Simulation of distant/recent negatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
    4.3 Extralist–feature effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
    4.3.1 Simulation of extralist–feature effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
    4.4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
    5. General discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
    5.1 C-SOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
    5.1.1 Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
    5.2 Future works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
    Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

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