近年來，由於全球貧富差距逐漸擴大、自然環境日益被破壞，以及因無良廠商所造成的社會或食安問題層出不窮，因此有關企業社會責任的議題更加受到民眾與相關學者之重視。本研究以台灣上市公司為樣本，利用台灣證券交易所揭露之公司治理評鑑指標作為企業社會責任之代理變數，旨在探討股權結構對企業社會責任與公司績效關聯性之影響。此外，由於公司投入企業社會責任之效益或許非短期可顯現，故本研究將實證模型分為長期績效與短期績效，以彌補使用單一績效指標之不足。
實證結果發現，企業社會責任與公司長期績效呈顯著正相關，即公司善盡企業社會責任有助於提升長期績效表現；其次，機構法人持股和企業社會責任之交互作用，以及經理人持股和企業社會責任之交互作用皆與公司長期績效呈顯著正相關，大股東持股和企業社會責任之交互作用則與公司短期績效呈顯著正相關。表示機構法人持股比率愈高，有助於提升資訊透明度與利害關係人對公司之良好印象，進而增加公司長期績效表現；大股東持股比率愈高，與企業社會責任所產生之綜效雖然可顯現於短期績效，但長期可能會產生負面的影響；而經理人持有股數愈多，其利益將與股東趨於一致，進而降低代理問題、提高公司價值與增進企業永續性。

Recently, due to the widening gap between the rich and poor in the world, the destruction of natural environment, and the emergence of social or food safety problems caused by unscrupulous businessmen, the issue of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has attracted more attention from the public and related scholars. This study takes Taiwan listed companies as the research sample, using the index of corporate governance disclosed by the Taiwan Stock Exchange as the proxy variable of CSR. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of ownership structure on the relationship between CSR and firm performance. In addition, since the benefits of companies investing in CSR may not be manifested in the short-term, we divide empirical model into long-term and short-term performance to make up for the lack of using a single performance indicator.
The empirical results show that CSR is positively and significantly with long-term performance, which means companies investing in CSR will improve its long-term performance. Secondly, both of the interaction between institutional ownership and CSR, and the interaction between managerial ownership and CSR have positive significance effects on long-term performance, while the interaction of major shareholder ownership and CSR has positive significance effects on short-term performance. These results suggest that the higher holding of institutional investors, the better enhancement to information transparency and stakeholders’ positive impression. The higher holding of major shareholders, the synergy will be shown in the short-term, while it may have negative effects in the long-term. The more shares held by managers, the more their interests will be aligned with shareholders, thereby reducing agency problems, increasing firm value and enhancing corporate sustainability.

池祥萱、繆文娟、莊瀅臻 (2014)，「企業社會責任對於公司財務績效之影響是雙面刃嗎？來自全球 500 大公司的證據」，管理學報第三十一卷第一期，頁1-19。
陸芊螢、陳莛之 (2014)，「公司治理，資訊透明度與機構投資人持股之關聯性」，華人前瞻研究第十卷第二期，頁1-17。
葉月女 (2003)，「我國證券市場三大機構投資人與一般投資人對股市波動性影響之探討」，淡江大學財務金融學系碩士論文。
廖秀梅、李建然、吳祥華 (2006)，「董事會結構特性與公司績效關係之研究–兼論台灣家族企業因素的影響」，東吳經濟商學學報第五十四期，頁117-160。
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