兒童是國未來的主人翁，他們的健康攸關國家的前途，也是家庭快樂的泉源之一。兒童醫療需求的決策者的角色，多半由母親來擔任。本文的目的旨在探討：兒童醫療需求的決定因素。分析的主要重點在於：兒童個人的屬性、母親的特質、背、景社會總體因素之間的關連。例如：母親教育程度的高低，與兒童醫療需求資數的多寡是否有關？影響的方向又如何？

本文理論部份是延用Becker(1965)家計生產函數的觀念，使用的資料為中央研究院經濟研究所謝啟瑞老師所做的問卷調查資料台北市國民中小學學生及其父母為主要對象。本文取其中的前兩部份：學生與其母親的資料，有效樣本共計1313份。實證方法是用Heckman(1979) 的兩階段估計法，來驗證我們的預期。

實證結果主要有下列各項：低所得家庭的兒童，其看病機率較低，但一旦需要看病資數都較其他所得層為：高交通時間越久，就醫次數越少；而等待時間越長，就醫資數越多。母親的教育程度越高，子女就醫機率越低；年齡較大兒童的就醫機率比年齡小的兒童為低；母親對子女的健康評價，對就醫次數有正的影響；母親有固定醫師或固定地點的習慣者，其子女就醫機率較高。家中孩子數越多，子女就醫機率越低。由上述的實證結果顯示，本文理論所強調的變數，對兒童醫需求行為，具有相當的影響能力。

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林祖嘉 (1991) 台灣地區住宅需求與租買選擇之聯合估計，政治大學未出版之Working paper.

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