本研究以不確定性降低理論為基礎，透過半結構式深度訪談法，訪談赴德國求學的臺灣留學生，探討留學生在跨文化人際互動中所經歷的不確定性、面對不確定性所採取的降低策略，以及媒介在此過程中所扮演的角色。
研究結果顯示，即使多數受訪者具備一定程度的英語能力，能在德國的大學與日常生活中完成基本溝通，仍普遍在跨文化人際互動過程中經歷不同形式的不確定性，包含「語言理解與溝通層面」、「社交規範與互動習慣」，以及「文化脈絡與互動意義」三個方面。
在應對策略上，本研究受訪者所採取的策略皆可對應至不確定性降低理論中的消極策略、積極策略與互動策略。受訪者所採取的消極策略包括觀察他人的互動方式、依照上下文推測語意、選擇忽略影響較低的內容，或是自行透過媒介取得德國的相關資訊；積極策略則包含向熟悉當地文化及語言的朋友等第三方詢問；互動策略則是運用在重要或可能影響後續的互動時，直接向互動對象確認與提問。
在媒介使用方面，受訪者普遍使用搜尋引擎、翻譯工具與生成式人工智慧等媒介，主要用於語言理解、文化理解、面對面溝通輔助，以及正式書寫。其中生成式人工智慧除了提供資訊搜尋功能外，更能整合不同資訊來源，並根據使用者所描述的具體情境提供回應，成為現今留學生們處理跨文化人際互動中不確定性的重要輔助工具。
在現今數位媒介高度普及的環境下，留學生的不確定性降低策略已不再侷限於面對面的人際互動，而是結合多元媒介共同運作。媒介科技的發展不僅改變留學生獲取資訊與理解環境的方式，也使不確定性降低策略產生新的實踐形式。

This study is grounded in Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT) and employs semi-structured in-depth interviews to explore the uncertainties experienced by Taiwanese students studying in Germany during cross-cultural interpersonal interactions, the strategies they adopt to reduce such uncertainties, and the role that media play in this process.
The findings indicate that although most participants possessed a certain level of English proficiency and were able to communicate in German universities and daily life, they nevertheless experienced various forms of uncertainty in cross-cultural interpersonal interactions. Specifically, these uncertainties could be categorized into three dimensions: language comprehension and communication, social norms and interactional practices, and cultural contexts and the meanings of interactions.
Regarding uncertainty reduction strategies, the strategies employed by the participants in this study can all be mapped onto the three categories proposed by Uncertainty Reduction Theory: passive, active, and interactive strategies. Passive strategies included observing others’ interaction patterns, inferring meanings from contextual cues, selectively ignoring information with limited consequences, and consulting media sources rather than asking others directly. Active strategies involved seeking information from third parties, such as friends who were familiar with the local culture and language. Interactive strategies were employed when the uncertainty was considered important or likely to affect subsequent interactions, in which case participants directly sought clarification and asked questions of their interaction partners.
In terms of media use, participants commonly relied on search engines, translation tools, and generative artificial intelligence (AI) to facilitate language comprehension, cultural understanding, face-to-face communication, and formal writing. Among these tools, generative AI not only served as a means of information retrieval but also integrated information from multiple sources and provided responses tailored to users’ specific situations. As a result, it has become an important supportive tool for international students in reducing uncertainties encountered in cross-cultural interpersonal interactions.
In today’s environment of widespread digital media use, international students’uncertainty reduction strategies are no longer confined to face-to-face interpersonal communication but are increasingly enacted through the combined use of multiple media. The development of media technologies has not only transformed the ways international students acquire information and understand their surroundings but has also created new forms of uncertainty reduction practices.

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