隨著資訊技術的快速發展，軟體系統架構也變得日益複雜。程式碼量的增 加以及模組間的緊密耦合，讓軟體架構的維護與擴展變得更加困難。為了解決 這些挑戰，控制反轉(Inversion of Control, IoC)技術應運而生。IoC 的核心理 念是將物件的控制權從內部轉交給外部框架來管理，以減少模組間的依賴關係 並提升架構的靈活性。其中，依賴注入(Dependency Injection, DI)作為 IoC 的 主要實踐方式，通過外部實體動態提供物件所需的依賴，使物件無需直接管理 這些依賴，從而降低模組耦合度，並促進軟體架構的模組化設計。而 Spring Framework 即是目前業界最廣泛使用的 Java 依賴注入框架。
然而，依賴注入雖然提升了軟體架構的靈活性與可維護性，但其不當使用 可能引發一系列反模式(Anti-Pattern)。例如，過度依賴注入可能導致耦合度增 加，或將依賴隱藏於框架內部，使得對 DI 框架(如 Spring Framework)理解不 足的開發者面臨更高的維護成本，進而累積技術債。
軟體品質始終是開發社群關注的重要議題，而具備良好可維護性與可測試 性的架構設計，是開發者追求的目標之一。儘管軟體品質的定義已相對清晰， 但衡量這些品質的工具卻十分有限。因此，本研究開發出軟體品質指標計算工 具 CKJM-DI 及 XML-DI，用以量化軟體品質指標，並藉指標數值比較使用與未 使用依賴注入，以及不同依賴注入實現方式對軟體可維護性的影響。
本研究透過實驗進行了對指標數據的分析，驗證出使用依賴注入相較於不 使用依賴注入時更可以提升軟體可維護性，也提供了三種不同依賴注入實現方 式各自的好處與影響供開發人員做選擇。最後，也將 CKJM-DI 與 CKJM 原版相 比，證明了 CKJM-DI 更適合應用於依賴注入場景。

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