隨著台灣高等教育普及，越來越多人取得高學歷，然而這也帶來了過度教育現象，即學歷超過實際工作需求的情況。台灣過去研究並無探究原住民過度教育的議題，因此本研究利用「108年原住民族就業狀況調查」與「108年中華民國人力運用調查報告」的資料，進行實證分析，本研究旨在探討原住民是否相較於一般民眾更易成為過度教育的受害者，以及原住民在遭遇過度教育時是否承受更嚴重的薪資懲罰。過度教育現象不僅影響勞動力市場效率，也可能加劇社會不平等，特別是在少數族群中。原住民作為台灣歷史文化中的重要族群，其社會經濟地位往往較低，容易受到勞動市場上的不公平對待。因此，深入研究過度教育與原住民薪資懲罰之間的關係，不僅能揭示結構性不平等的潛在存在，也對政策制定具有重要參考價值，以促進社會公平與包容。本研究透過Probit模型分析發現原住民群體更容易成為過度教育者，男性、未婚者以及高學歷者更容易成為過度教育者；公部門員工較少面臨過度教育，而兼職工作者則更易成為過度教育者。進一步使用Verdugo & Verdugo薪資迴歸模型發現原住民比起一般民眾的薪資懲罰更為嚴重，而後續透過Oaxaca薪資分解模型，探討原住民在過度教育下的薪資懲罰差異，而這一差異一部份來自不可解釋部份，可能與社會結構性問題、勞動市場的機會不平等、以及未觀察到的個體特徵有關。

With the widespread accessibility of higher education in Taiwan, an increasing number of individuals are attaining advanced degrees. However, this has also led to the phenomenon of overeducation, where individuals' educational attainment exceeds the requirements of their jobs. Previous studies in Taiwan have not specifically explored the issue of overeducation among Indigenous peoples. Therefore, this study employs data from the "2019 Survey on Employment Status of Indigenous Peoples" and the "2019 Manpower Utilization Survey" to conduct an empirical analysis. The study aims to investigate whether Indigenous peoples are more likely to experience overeducation compared to the general population and whether they face more severe wage penalties when overeducated.The phenomenon of overeducation not only affects labor market efficiency but may also exacerbate social inequality, particularly among minority groups. Indigenous peoples, as an important cultural group in Taiwan’s history, often occupy lower socioeconomic positions and are more susceptible to unfair treatment in the labor market. Therefore, examining the relationship between overeducation and wage penalties among Indigenous peoples is crucial for uncovering potential structural discrimination and informing policy measures to promote social equity and inclusivity.
Using a Probit model, this study finds that Indigenous peoples are indeed more likely to be overeducated. Additionally, men, unmarried individuals, and those with higher levels of education are more prone to overeducation. Public sector employees are less likely to face overeducation, whereas part-time workers are more likely to experience it. Further analysis using the Verdugo & Verdugo wage regression model reveals that wage penalties for overeducation are more severe for Indigenous peoples compared to the general population. The Oaxaca wage decomposition model is then applied to explore the wage penalty differences among overeducated Indigenous peoples, identifying that part of these differences stems from the unexplained portion of the decomposition.

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