本研究透過戴爾科技（Dell Technologies）為個案，探討個人電腦（PC）市場的趨勢與動態。研究運用波特五力分析（Porter’s Five Forces）、資源基礎觀點（Resource-Based View, RBV）以及動態能力架構（Dynamic Capabilities framework），分析戴爾的策略應對，並採用公開資料與個案研究方法。研究結果顯示，儘管伺服器（SV）市場成長迅速，甚至超越 PC 產業，但 AI PC 的快速發展使 PC 市場得以穩定並持續成長，而非衰退。戴爾透過動態能力，包括產品線整合與 AI 合作夥伴關係，成功在地緣政治緊張與供應鏈複雜性等挑戰中維持競爭優勢。本研究有助於理解動態能力如何協助 PC 製造商因應技術變革，並為學術界與產業實務提供重要洞見。

This study investigates the trends and dynamics of the personal computer (PC) market through a focused case study of Dell Technologies. The research applies Porter’s Five Forces, the Resource-Based View (RBV), and the Dynamic Capabilities framework to analyze Dell’s strategic responses, utilizing publicly available data and case study analysis. The findings reveal that while the server (SV) market has experienced significant growth, often surpassing that of the PC sector, the rapid development of AI PCs ensures that the PC market remains stable and continues to grow rather than decline. Dell’s dynamic capabilities, including product line consolidation and AI-driven partnerships, have enabled the company to maintain a competitive position in the evolving PC market despite challenges arising from geopolitical tensions and supply chain complexities. This study contributes to understanding how dynamic capabilities can help PC manufacturers navigate technological disruptions, offering insights for both scholars and industry practitioners.

CRN. (2014, October 1). How we got here: Lenovo’s blockbuster IBM server deal. CRN. https://www.crn.com/slide-shows/data-center/240165532/how-we-got-here-lenovos-blockbuster-ibm-server-deal
Cape Cod Times. (2006, May 21). The new wave: Laptops small enough to take everywhere. https://eu.capecodtimes.com/story/news/2006/05/21/the-new-wave-laptops-small/50894072007/
Ceruzzi, P. E. (2003). History of personal computers. Proceedings of the IEEE, 91(11), 1924–1931. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=784256
Chen, J. (2008, January 15). Jobs unveils ‘world’s thinnest notebook’. Wired. https://www.wired.com/2008/01/jobs-unveils-worlds-thinnest-notebook
Data Center Dynamics. (2015, November 2). HP completes separation into two companies. https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/hp-completes-separation-into-two-companies/
Dell Technologies. (2021, November 1). Dell Technologies announces completion of VMware spin-off. Retrieved May 31, 2025, from https://investors.delltechnologies.com/news-releases/news-release-details/dell-technologies-announces-completion-vmware-spin
Dell Technologies. (2024, May 20). Dell Technologies expands Dell AI Factory with NVIDIA to turbocharge AI adoption. Retrieved May 31, 2025, from https://www.dell.com/en-us/dt/corporate/newsroom/announcements/detailpage.press-releasesusa20240520240520-dell-technologies-expands-dell-ai-factory-with-nvidia-to-turbocharge-ai-adoption.htm#/filter-on/Country:en-us
Dell Technologies. (2025). Dell Technologies Timeline. Retrieved May 31, 2025, from https://investors.delltechnologies.com/static-files/35c49fa5-f860-45ad-b759-a14daaa753aa
Dell Technologies. (2025). Investor Presentation. Retrieved May 30, 2025, from https://investors.delltechnologies.com/static-files/35c49fa5-f860-45ad-b759-a14daaa753aa
Dell Technologies. (2025, January 4). Dell Technologies leads AI PC movement with new redesigned PC portfolio [Press release]. https://www.dell.com/en-us/dt/corporate/newsroom/announcements/detailpage.press-releasesusa202501dell-technologies-leads-ai-pc-movement-with-new-redesigned-pc-portfolio.htm
Esposito, E., & Mastroianni, M. (1998). Technological evolution of personal computers and market implications. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 59(3), 235–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1625(98)00031-6
Foley, M. J. (2009, August 1). IDC predicts big impact for Windows 7. Redmond Channel Partner. https://rcpmag.com/articles/2009/08/01/idc-predicts-big-impact-for-windows-7.aspx
Gartner. (2023). Worldwide public cloud services forecast to grow 20.2% in 2023; end-user spending to exceed $1.1 trillion by 2027. https://www.gartner.com/en/documents/4509999
Gartner. (2024, January 10). Gartner says worldwide PC shipments increased 0.3% in fourth quarter of 2023 but declined 14.8% for the year. https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/01-10-2024-gartner-says-worldwide-pc-shipments-increased-zero-point-three-percent-in-fourth-quarter-of-2023-but-declined-fourteen-point-eight-percent-for-the-year
Gartner. (2024, September 25). AI PC share of PC shipments worldwide in 2024 and 2025 [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved May 13, 2025, from https://www-statista-com.proxyone.lib.nccu.edu.tw:8443/statistics/1461907/ai-pc-share-pc-shipments/
Gartner. (2024, September 25). AI PC shipments worldwide from 2023 to 2025 (in million units) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved May 13, 2025, from https://www-statista-com.proxyone.lib.nccu.edu.tw:8443/statistics/1461963/ai-pc-shipments/
Gartner. (2025, January 16). Personal computer (PC) shipments worldwide from 2006 to 2024 (in million units) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved April 29, 2025, from https://www-statista-com.proxyone.lib.nccu.edu.tw:8443/statistics/273495/global-shipments-of-personal-computers-since-2006/
Gürel, E., & Tat, M. (2017). SWOT analysis: A theoretical review. The Journal of International Social Research, 10(51), 994–1006.
IDC. (2023, April 10). PC pain persists in Q1 2023 due to excess inventory and poor demand, according to IDC Tracker. Business Wire. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230409005019/en/
IDC. (2024). Servers Market Insights. https://www.idc.com/promo/servers/
IDC. (2024, March 15). Personal computing devices shipments worldwide from 2024 to 2028 (in million units) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved May 31, 2025, from https://www-statista-com.proxyone.lib.nccu.edu.tw:8443/statistics/272595/global-shipments-forecast-for-tablets-laptops-and-desktop-pcs/
IDC. (2025). Personal computing devices market insights 2025. https://www.idc.com/promo/pcdforecast/
IDC. (2025, April 25). AI PCs expected to see fast ramp in second half of 2024, reaching nearly 60% of all PCs shipped by 2027. https://my.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prUS53304025
IDC. (2025, March 19). Worldwide shipments of AI PCs and GenAI smartphones expected to reach 295 million units in 2025. https://my.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prUS53264225
IDC. (2025, March 28). Personal Computing Devices Market Forecast, 2025–2029. https://my.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prUS51939524
Institute for Information Industry (MIC). (2024, September). AI PC與手機發展趨勢 [Presentation slides]. 財團法人資訊工業策進會. https://www.mic.tw/
Intel. (2024). Learn about Intel Core Ultra processors. https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000099561/processors/intel-core-ultra-processors.html
Investopedia. (n.d.). A Look at Lenovo’s Strategy and Business Model. Retrieved May 30, 2025, from https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/073015/look-lenovos-strategy-business-model.asp
Lenovo. (2021, February 3). Lenovo Reaches the Top Spot in Europe, Middle East & Africa. Retrieved May 30, 2025, from https://news.lenovo.com/lenovo-reaches-the-top-spot-in-europe-middle-east-africa/
Porter, M. E. (1980). Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors. Free Press.
Rohde, L. (2002, December 2). HP scores crop of European government contracts. IT World Canada. Retrieved from https://www.itworldcanada.com/article/hp-scores-crop-of-european-government-contracts/27774
Statista. (2024, July 22). Revenue of the servers market worldwide from 2020 to 2029 (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved May 12, 2025, from https://www-statista-com.proxyone.lib.nccu.edu.tw:8443/forecasts/961887/server-revenue-in-the-world
TechCrunch. (2016, September 7). $67 billion Dell-EMC deal closes today. https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/07/67-billion-dell-emc-deal-becomes-official-today/
Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509–533. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199708)18:7<509::AID-SMJ882>3.0.CO;2-Z
Tian, K., & Fleischmann, M. (2024, February). Dell: Digital supply chain transformation [Case study]. MIT Center for Transportation & Logistics. https://digitalsc.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Dell-case_Digital-SC-Transformation.pdf
TrendForce. (2025, January 6). AI servers to make up over 15% of shipments and 70% of value in 2025, driven by rising demand for AI applications. https://www.trendforce.com/presscenter/news/20250106-12433.html
Vena, B. (2015, July 16). Why are IDC and Gartner’s PC market stats different, and does it even matter? Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/moorinsights/2015/07/16/why-are-idc-and-gartners-pc-market-stats-different-and-does-it-even-matter/
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). Sage Publications.