依Feyerabend的觀點，Lakatos科學研究網領方法論(Methodology of Scientific Research Program)，在說明理論進步與替代的理性過程中有自我矛盾之處：其中有breathing space的存在，而不可以以理性或科學之名來放棄退步的研究網領。同時在經濟學方法論中的應用亦有若干的缺失。Hoover(1991)由Kuhn遺留的線索，將Wittgenstein的「家族近似」(family resemblance)觀念在新興古典學派的方法論的分析指出了一個方法論研究的新方向。本文指出Kuhn與Hoover對範例(examplar)定義的不同，並擴展「家族近似」的應用於在新興古典與新興Keynesian學派的分析。根據本文由各派所挑選的十四篇論文為例，兩者的分野在於市場結清與貨幣中立性的性質。

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一(1 992c)，(“Ad Hoc"假設與「局部理性」━以達爾文演化論與古生物二者的近代闕係發展史為例)，收於傅大為(1992a)，頁213-247 。
趙敦華(1 991)，(維特根斯坦)，台北:遠流。
謝德宗(1993)，(總體經濟:理論與政策)，台北:華泰。

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