在隨機應答的技巧之中，自華納(Warner,1965) 提出華納模式後，即有多位學者以華納的觀點為籃圖，展開一系列的縱橫發展，並插枝分葉出各式技巧來(Chandhuri & Makerjee,1988)。

本文在第一、二章內，將分別介紹其中最典型的兩種方式：華納模式(Warner Model)與不相關問題模式(Unrelated-Question Model)。在第一章中並圖示固定的參數設計p 之下，比較華納模式的隨機應答方式與一般的直接應答方式效率之優劣，隨受訪者的誠實度變化之情形。在第二章中，除介紹不相關問題模式的技巧與方法外，也圖示比較華納模式與不相關問題模式取樣結果的估計值有效性之優劣。在第三章中，則闡述保護受訪者隱私的立場與獲得有效估計的目的如何互相衝突、矛盾，而定下參數設計的準則，以求取二者之間的平衡。最後一章則因Greenberg(1977) 所定義的冒險函數未能由所給的數學式完全描述，故在此章提出一些較合理的修正。

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