綠色轉型將人們的關注從石油和天然氣轉向了礦物。這些原料對於生產電動車（EVs）、太陽能光電（PVs）和風力發電機等潔淨科技之技術至關重要。然而，這些原料的上游和下游生產早已被中國壟斷，且中國在過去十年中實施了越來越多的出口配額。為了減輕供應中斷的風險，歐盟委員會旨在透過「去風險化」來保護其經濟發展之所需，而這項目標在《關鍵原料法案》（CRMA）內的多項措施中得以體現，其中包括了設定國內礦物生產、加工，特別是回收的目標。此外，回收利用是屬於一個更為廣泛之經濟模式的一部分，即循環經濟，而循環經濟被認為具有潛力能降低國家和企業對初級原料的依賴。
因此，本研究聚焦於電動車之鋰電池的回收案例。本研究透過文本的分析，試圖回答以下兩個問題：「推動電動車鋰電池回收計畫的驅動因素是什麼？」以及「循環經濟能否成為增強歐盟電動車產業韌性的可持續戰略？」
研究結果顯示，儘管鋰電池原料的循環使用具有增強電動車產業韌性的潛力，其長期的可持續性將取決於外部因素，特別是政策支持。

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The green transition has shifted the interest in oil and gas to minerals. Those elements are indeed essential for the production of clean technologies such as electric vehicles (EVs), photovoltaics (PVs), and wind turbines. The upstream and downstream production of these minerals has been monopolized by China, which in the last decade, has implemented a growing number of export quotas. To mitigate the risks of supply disruptions, the European Commission
aims at ‘de-risking’ its economy. This was, among others, illustrated by the Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA) that includes targets for domestic production, processing, and most importantly recycling of minerals. Recycling is part of a broader economic model called a circular economy
which has the potential to reduce the reliance of national and sub-national actors on primary raw materials.
This research focuses on the case of EV lithium-ion battery recycling. Using document analysis, it aims to answer two questions: “What are the drivers behind EV lithium-ion battery recycling projects?” and “Can the circular economy be a sustainable strategy to enhance the
resilience of the electric vehicle industry in the European Union?”.
The analysis results show that although the circular use of LIB raw materials has the potential to enhance the resilience of the EV industry, its sustainable nature in the long term will be contingent on external elements, especially policy support.

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