| 研究生: |
鄭雅文 Cheng, Ya-Wen |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
與虛擬網紅的自我一致性對代言產品願付價格之影響 How AI Endorsements Influence Consumers’ Willingness to Pay: Insights from Self-AI Influencer Congruity |
| 指導教授: |
朴星俊
Park, Sung-jun |
| 口試委員: |
朴星俊
陳文鑫 |
| 學位類別: |
碩士
Master |
| 系所名稱: |
商學院 - 企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程) Master of Business Administration Program(MBA) |
| 論文出版年: | 2025 |
| 畢業學年度: | 113 |
| 語文別: | 英文 |
| 論文頁數: | 38 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 自我一致性 、虛擬網紅 、代言效果 、願付價格 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Self-congruity, AI influencer, Endorsement effect, Willingness to pay |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:311 下載:13 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究旨在探討消費者與虛擬網紅之自我一致性對消費者願付價格的影響及其作用機制。本研究透過網路問卷調查,收集美國消費者對虛擬網紅代言遊戲產品的看法,共獲得177份有效樣本。研究結果顯示,消費者與虛擬網紅的自我一致性會透過消費者對網紅的熟悉度產生調節作用,進而提升消費者對虛擬網紅的好感;此外,消費者對虛擬網紅的好感則會受到消費者對網紅意見信賴程度的調節,進一步影響消費者對代言產品的願付價格。
This study explores the relationship between self-AI influencer congruity and consumers’ willingness to pay. By conducting a questionnaire to evaluate an AI influencer’s promotional activity for an online game, 177 responses were collected from participants in the United States. The results indicate that self-AI influencer congruity positively influences consumers' attitudes toward the influencer, mediated by their familiarity with AI influencers. Furthermore, consumers' attitudes toward the influencer positively affect their willingness to pay, mediated by their acceptance of the AI influencer's opinions.
This research aims to deepen the understanding of how individuals interact with virtual characters, uncovering the ways in which virtual characters can influence consumer behavior. These insights can further assist companies in strategically developing intellectual properties (IP) tied to virtual characters.
Chapter 1 – Introduction 1
Chapter 2 – Literature Review 3
2.1 Self-congruity effect 3
2.2 Endorsement effect 4
2.3 Persuasion 6
Chapter 3 – Hypothesis 9
3.1 Influence of self-AI influencer congruity on attitude toward AI influencer 9
3.2 Influence of attitude toward AI influencer on willingness to pay 10
Chapter 4 – Methods 13
4.1 Sampling and Participants 13
4.2 Questionnaire 13
Chapter 5 – Result 15
5.1 Demographic profiles 15
5.2 Reliability 17
5.3 Regression 20
Chapter 6 – General Discussion 22
6.1 Theoretical Implication 23
6.2 Managerial Implication 24
6.3 Limitations and Future Research 25
Appendix – Questionnaire 28
Reference 32
Al Mamun, A., Naznen, F., Yang, Q., Ali, M. H., & Hashim, N. M. H. N. (2023). Modelling the significance of celebrity endorsement and consumer interest on attitude, purchase intention, and willingness to pay a premium price for green skincare products. Heliyon, 9(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16765
Albert, N., Ambroise, L., & Valette-Florence, P. (2017). Consumer, brand, celebrity: Which congruency produces effective celebrity endorsements? Journal of Business Research, 81, 96-106. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.08.002
Amos, C., Holmes, G., & Strutton, D. (2008). Exploring the relationship between celebrity endorser effects and advertising effectiveness. International Journal of Advertising, 27(2), 209-234. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2008.11073052
Byrne, D. (1961). Interpersonal attraction and attitude similarity. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 62(3), 713-715. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0044721
Cacioppo, J. T., Cacioppo, S., & Petty, R. E. (2018). The neuroscience of persuasion: A review with an emphasis on issues and opportunities. Social Neuroscience, 13(2), 129-172. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470919.2016.1273851
Calvo-Porral, C., Rivaroli, S., & Orosa-González, J. (2021). The Influence of Celebrity Endorsement on Food Consumption Behavior. Foods, 10(9), 2224. https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/9/2224
Carlson, B. D., Donavan, D. T., Deitz, G. D., Bauer, B. C., & Lala, V. (2020). A customer-focused approach to improve celebrity endorser effectiveness. Journal of Business Research, 109, 221-235. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.048
Chaiken, S. (1980). Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion. Journal of personality and social psychology, 39(5), 752.
Chestnut, R. W. (1980). Persuasive effects in marketing. In Persuasion: New directions in theory and research (pp. 267-271). Sage Publications, Inc.
Choi, S. M., & Rifon, N. J. (2012). It Is a Match: The Impact of Congruence between Celebrity Image and Consumer Ideal Self on Endorsement Effectiveness. Psychology & Marketing, 29(9), 639-650. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20550
Djafarova, E., & Rushworth, C. (2017). Exploring the credibility of online celebrities' Instagram profiles in influencing the purchase decisions of young female users. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 1-7. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.009
Dolich, I. J. (1969). Congruence Relationships between Self Images and Product Brands. Journal of Marketing Research, 6(1), 80-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224376900600109
Dow, J. (2015). Passions and Persuasion in Aristotle's Rhetoric. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198716266.001.0001
Erdogan, B. Z. (1999). Celebrity endorsement: A literature review. Journal of marketing management, 15(4), 291-314.
James, W. (1968). The self. The self in social interaction, 1, 41-49.
James, W. (1982). Psychology: briefer course. H. Holt.
Kamen, J. M., Azhari, A. C., & et al. (1975). What a spokesman does for a sponsor. Journal of advertising research, 15(2), 17.
Kapitan, S., & Silvera, D. H. (2016). From digital media influencers to celebrity endorsers: attributions drive endorser effectiveness. Marketing Letters, 27(3), 553-567. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-015-9363-0
Kim, J.-H. (2015). Self-congruity effects: A critical review and an integrative model. Japanese Psychological Research, 57(4), 348-362. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12084
Li, H., Lei, Y., Zhou, Q., & Yuan, H. (2023). Can you sense without being human? Comparing virtual and human influencers endorsement effectiveness. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 75, 103456. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103456
Liang, H.-L., & Lin, P.-I. (2018). Influence of multiple endorser-product patterns on purchase intention. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 19(4), 415-432. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-03-2017-0022
McCracken, G. (1989). Who Is the Celebrity Endorser? Cultural Foundations of the Endorsement Process. Journal of Consumer Research, 16(3), 310-321. https://doi.org/10.1086/209217
Moons, I., De Pelsmacker, P., & Barbarossa, C. (2020). Do personality- and self-congruity matter for the willingness to pay more for ecotourism? An empirical study in Flanders, Belgium. Journal of Cleaner Production, 272, 122866. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122866
Moreland, R. L., & Zajonc, R. B. (1982). Exposure effects in person perception: Familiarity, similarity, and attraction. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 18(5), 395-415. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(82)90062-2
Munson, J. M. (1973). A Typological Investigation of Self-Concept Congruity and Brand Preferences: Toward a Predictive Model. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Newcomb, T. M. (1956). The prediction of interpersonal attraction. American Psychologist, 11(11), 575-586. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046141
Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1984). Source factors and the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. Advances in consumer research, 11(1), 668-672.
Precker, J. A. (1952). Similarity of valuings as a factor in selection of peers and near-authority figures. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 47(2, Suppl), 406-414. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0061869
Schouten, A. P., Janssen, L., & Verspaget, M. (2021). Celebrity vs. Influencer endorsements in advertising: the role of identification, credibility, and Product-Endorser fit. In Leveraged Marketing Communications (pp. 208-231). Routledge.
Shan, Y., Chen, K.-J., & Lin, J.-S. (2020). When social media influencers endorse brands: the effects of self-influencer congruence, parasocial identification, and perceived endorser motive. International Journal of Advertising, 39(5), 590-610. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2019.1678322
Sirgy, M. J. (1979). Self-concept in consumer behavior. University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Solomon, M. R. (1983). The Role of Products as Social Stimuli: A Symbolic Interactionism Perspective. Journal of Consumer Research, 10(3), 319-329. https://doi.org/10.1086/208971
Tan, T. M., Salo, J., Juntunen, J., & Kumar, A. (2019). The role of temporal focus and self-congruence on consumer preference and willingness to pay: A new scrutiny in branding strategy. European Journal of Marketing, 53(1), 37-62. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-04-2017-0303
Thomas, V. L., Yeh, M., & Jewell, R. D. (2015). Enhancing valuation: the impact of self-congruence with a brand on the endowment effect. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 58, 178-185. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2015.05.009
Wang, S. W., Kao, G. H.-Y., & Ngamsiriudom, W. (2017). Consumers' attitude of endorser credibility, brand and intention with respect to celebrity endorsement of the airline sector. Journal of Air Transport Management, 60, 10-17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2016.12.007
Yuan, S., & Lou, C. (2020). How Social Media Influencers Foster Relationships with Followers: The Roles of Source Credibility and Fairness in Parasocial Relationship and Product Interest. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 20(2), 133-147. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2020.1769514
Zhu, X., Teng, L., Foti, L., & Yuan, Y. (2019). Using self-congruence theory to explain the interaction effects of brand type and celebrity type on consumer attitude formation. Journal of Business Research, 103, 301-309. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.01.055