近年來不管是國外或國內，永續議題都逐漸受到政府、企業與社會大眾的重視，國際上有許多關於永續報告書的揭露框架要求，臺灣的金管會亦自2013年起發布公司治理之規定，並要求上市公司依據國際規範來編制企業社會責任報告書，因此企業需要更多地揭露其永續作為與相關資訊；然而在這過程中，有些人開始質疑永續報告書只是企業的公關手段，甚至可能淪為漂綠的工具，故企業的揭露資訊與方式顯得格外關鍵，永續報告書透明度的重要性已不言而喻，而本研究即使用五項構面，針對永續報告書的透明度進行討論。
本研究發現，標普全球 (S&P Global) 2022年永續年鑑中獲獎的其中四家金融機構（韓國的KB Financial Group、西班牙的Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A.、泰國的Kasikornbank Public Company Limited與臺灣的玉山金融控股股份有限公司），均已將資料或數據可視化，並且把資訊放置於能接觸到消費者的位置；國外的三家企業亦有提供利害關係人導向的客製化內容，並揭露產品的績效與影響；四家企業都有永續的影片，但唯有BBVA還以Podcast等方式呈現永續相關內容；揭露自身待改進之處與管理報告書的透明度上，表現較不一，唯有兩家做到。

Sustainability has been increasingly recognized by governments, businesses, and the public, both domestically and internationally. Numerous international frameworks require the disclosure of sustainability reports. In addition, Financial Supervisory Commission R.O.C. in Taiwan has issued regulations on corporate governance since 2013, mandating listed companies to prepare corporate social responsibility reports following international standards. As a result, companies need to disclose more information regarding their sustainability actions. However, some people have questioned the authenticity of sustainability reports, viewing them as tools of advertising or even greenwashing tactics. Therefore, what businesses disclose and how they present it are crucial. The importance of transparency in sustainability reports is self-evident, so we discuss the transparency of sustainability reports with five dimensions.
The study shows that four financial institutions awarded in the S&P Global 2022 Sustainability Yearbook, which were KB Financial Group from South Korea, Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. from Spain, Kasikornbank Public Company Limited from Thailand, and E.SUN Financial Holding Co., Ltd from Taiwan, all visualized their data and placed information inaccessible locations for consumers. Three foreign companies have also provided stakeholder-driven customized content and disclosed the performance and impacts of products. All four companies have incorporated sustainability videos, but only BBVA has utilized podcasts and other methods to present sustainability information. As for the disclosure of improvement and the transparency of management, the performance varies among the four companies, with only two achieving this effectively.

中文文獻
一、文章
土地銀行，2021，2020臺灣土地銀行企業社會責任報告書。台北：土地銀行。
土地銀行，2022，2021臺灣土地銀行永續報告書。台北：土地銀行。
玉山金控，2021，2020玉山金控永續報告書。台北：玉山金控。
玉山金控，2022，2021玉山金控永續報告書。台北：玉山金控。
金管會，2020，公司治理3.0——永續發展藍圖，台北：行政院。
開泰銀行，2021，2020年可持續發展報告，曼谷：開泰銀行。
開泰銀行，2022，2021年可持續發展報告，曼谷：開泰銀行。
二、網路資料
CSR@天下，2022，消費者關心企業ESG嗎？別蓮蒂：環保是基本期許，社會關懷是加分題，https://csr.cw.com.tw/article/42744。取得日期：2023年5月11日。

英文文獻
1. Articles
BBVA (2021). BBVA Annual Report 2021. Bilbao: BBVA
BBVA (2021). BBVA Report on TCFD 2020. Bilbao: BBVA
BBVA (2022). BBVA Report on TCFD 2021. Bilbao: BBVA
Garst, J., Maas, K., & Suijs, J. (2022). Materiality assessment is an art, not a science: Selecting ESG topics for Sustainability Reports. California Management Review, 65(1), 64–90. https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256221120692
KB Financial Group (2021). 2020 KB Financial Group Sustainability Report. Seoul: KB Financial Group
KB Financial Group (2022). 2021 KB Financial Group Sustainability Report. Seoul: KB Financial Group
KB Financial Group (2022). Annual Report 2021. Seoul: KB Financial Group
Suddaby, R., & Panwar, R. (2022). On the complexity of managing transparency. California Management Review, 65(1), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256221128766
Tang, S., & Higgins, C. (2022). Do not forget the “how” along with the “what”: Improving the transparency of sustainability reports. California Management Review, 65(1), 44–63. https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256221094876
Uddin, Zohir & Wu, Emma Zhe (2022). In MSCI ESG Research LLC, (Ed), ESG and Climate Trends to Watch for 2023: 15-16. New York: MSCI Inc.
2. Internet
PwC (2021). A time for hope: Consumers’ outlook brightens despite headwinds, https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/industries/consumer-markets/consumer-insights-survey/archive/consumer-insights-survey-december-2021.html (Accessed on May 11, 2023)