外國選舉干預（FEI）已成為21世紀民主面臨的核心挑戰之一。隨著干預行動日益透過錯誤資訊與資訊操控直接針對公民，傳統應對國家安全威脅的管道在對抗FEI方面已顯得力不從心。本論文探討政府在激活公民社會方面所扮演的角色如何影響民主對FEI的韌性，並追問哪種反FEI策略能更有效地建立公眾意識，以此作為衡量該韌性的指標。為回應這一問題，本論文提出「公民社會參與框架」一項新的概念工具，依據兩個維度對政府的反FEI方法進行分類：政府賦予公民社會組織（CSOs）的能力，以及其融入反FEI治理的程度。台灣作為高能力、高整合政府方法的代表案例，南韓則代表相反的模式。新一波FEI針對整體社會內部的脆弱性，激活公民社會組織以參與對抗FEI的行動，為創建主動且具適應性的工具鋪平道路。因此，透過公眾意識的提升，社會對干預的脆弱性得以降低，民眾也因此變得更具韌性，並對FEI的蔓延產生免疫力。

Foreign electoral interference (FEI) has emerged as one of the central challenges to democracy in the 21st century. As interference campaigns increasingly target the public directly through disinformation and information manipulation, the channels traditionally used to deal with national security threats are falling short when applied to combatting FEI. This thesis examines how the government's role in activating civil society affects democratic resilience against FEI, asking which counter-FEI strategy more effectively promotes public consciousness as a facet of that resilience. To address this question, the thesis develops the Civil Society Engagement Framework, a new conceptual tool that classifies governmental counter-FEI approaches according to two dimensions: the capacity governments extend to civil society organisations (CSOs) and the integration into counter-FEI governance. Taiwan, as an example of a governmental approach of high capacity and high integration, and South Korea representing the opposite model. This new wave of FEI targets the vulnerabilities within society at large, activation of CSOs to contribute to the fight against FEI by paving the way for the creation of proactive and adaptable tools. As such, through public consciousness, vulnerabilities to interference are reduced and the population becomes more resilient and immunised to the spread of FEI.

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