閱聽人研究一向是傳播研究的焦點，不過傳統閱聽人研究，多半將閱聽人及文本視為獨立的分析單位。本文嘗試依循文化研究(cultural studies)整體觀(holistic approach)概念，將文本及閱聽人間的界線模糊，並選定失業作為研究主題，從較為全觀的角度探討一般人如何建構一套屬於自己的失業看法。
為了探究一般人如何建構自成一格的失業理論，本文除了抽樣三集討論失業的談話節目進行分析，另外也採訪了十四位居住於台北縣市的居民。受訪對象多是我們熟知的上班族，大部分目前具有工作，有二位退休，其中四位有過失業的經驗。從事的行業則包含有律師、教師、業務代表、媒體記者等。
本文先就失業的歸因進行統計分析，以瞭解一般常民對失業原因推論傾向，研究結果發現一般人對失業歸因傾向個人因素。接下來，本文從談話節目及訪談語錄中所呈現出的失業隱喻，來分析框限一般民眾失業理論的隱喻內容，並從隱喻內容解讀出失業言說中三種失業推理的文化模式。不同於歸因分析及隱喻推理邏輯的探討，旨在尋求常民理論的一致性，研究結果最後一部份則是企圖呈現失業理論的多元性及不一致性。本文以失業的敘述結構為切點，從建構社會角色認同的文化模式，檢視常民失業理論的變異性。
綜合上面的分析，本文嘗試建立常民理論的建構模式，發現專家理論及意識型態的文化知識會影響理論的建立，但並非所有的專家理論及意識型態都會融入在常民理論中，而負責篩選的即本文所專注研究的文化模式。

關鍵詞：閱聽人研究、常民理論、文化模式、歸因、隱喻、敘事

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