隨著全球化與臺灣新南向政策的推展，教育部已設立四所位於東南亞地區的臺灣學校（後稱為「海外臺灣學校」），此四所學校已成為我國海外教育與文化傳承的重要機構。由於海外臺灣學校的學生組成包含臺商子女及不同國籍的學生，因此其母語背景較為多元。本研究旨在探討四所海外臺灣學校（越南胡志明、馬來西亞吉隆坡、印尼雅加達、印尼泗水）圖書館的經營現況、不同母語背景中學生的圖書館利用行為與使用者滿意度，並歸納出適應多元文化背景之圖書館服務模式。
本研究採問卷調查法針對四所海外臺灣學校7至12年級的中學生進行調查，共回收有效問卷397份，並以無母數統計進行分析；本研究也透過焦點團體訪談法，對四所海外臺灣學校的圖書教師進行深入的訪談，了解海外臺灣學校圖書館的經營困境與實務經驗。
研究發現，不同母語背景的中學生之間，在學校圖書館的到訪頻率、到訪目的及閱讀偏好上具有顯著的差異。其中，外語母語背景的學生到訪學校圖書館的頻率較高，並更多以「討論報告」為目的；中文母語背景的學生則多以「休閒娛樂」為目的，並且更偏好閱讀紙本書籍、中文書及小說。外語母語背景的學生則展現出對英文及當地語言（印尼文、越南文、馬來文）書籍的高度需求。滿意度方面，中學生對於圖書教師的服務品質給予高度肯定，但對「尋找館藏」與「館藏的質與量」的滿意度較低，顯示海外臺灣學校圖書館的多語館藏發展仍面臨挑戰。此外，本研究也發現，海外臺灣學校普遍面臨物流成本高、文化審查嚴格及圖資專業人力不足等困境。
本研究建議海外臺灣學校應持續發展具多語言特色的館藏，落實分齡分區規劃，並舉辦多元文化的閱讀推廣活動；同時也應建立健全的家長志工制度，並提升圖書教師的專業，以協助海外臺灣學校在海外推廣繁體中文教育之餘，成為多元文化服務的教育資源中心。本研究結果不僅能提供海外臺灣學校未來發展指引，亦可作為臺灣本地學校因應人口結構變遷、打造多元文化學習環境之重要參考。

Driven by globalization and Taiwan's New Southbound Policy, the Ministry of Education has established four Taiwan Schools in Southeast Asia (hereinafter referred to as "Overseas Taiwan Schools"). These schools have become vital institutions for promoting Taiwan’s overseas education and preserving cultural heritage. Since the student population of overseas Taiwan schools include offspring of Taiwanese businessmen and various international students, their native language backgrounds are highly diverse. This study aims to investigate the current management status, library usage behavior, and user satisfaction among secondary school students with diverse mother-tongue backgrounds across four overseas Taiwan schools (Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam, Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia, Jakarta and Surabaya in Indonesia). Furthermore, it seeks to develop a multicultural library service model.
This study employed a questionnaire survey method targeting secondary students in grades 7 through 12 across the four overseas Taiwan schools, collecting 397 valid questionnaires for non-parametric statistical analysis. Additionally, focus group interviews were conducted with teacher-librarians from these four schools to gain an deeper understanding of the operational challenges and practical experiences within overseas Taiwanese school libraries.
The findings reveal significant differences among secondary students with different mother-tongue backgrounds regarding their library visits frequency, purposes , and reading preferences. Specifically, students with a foreign mother-tongue background visit the school library more frequently, primarily for 'discussions for projects.' In contrast, native Mandarin-speaking students utilize the library mostly for 'leisure and entertainment' and show a stronger preference for paper books, Chinese books, and fiction. Meanwhile, foreign native-tongue students have a higher demand for English books and local languages books(Indonesian, Vietnamese, and Malay).
Regarding user satisfaction, secondary students highly commend the service quality of teacher-librarians. However, satisfaction remains lower concerning 'finding collections' and the 'quality and quantity of the collection,' indicating that the development of multilingual collections in overseas Taiwan school libraries continues to face challenges. Furthermore, this study found that these schools commonly encounter difficulties such as high logistics costs, strict cultural censorship, and a shortage of professional teacher-librarians.
This study suggests that overseas Taiwan schools should continuously develop multilingual collections, implement age-appropriate and zoned library planning, and organize multicultural reading promotion activities. Concurrently, a robust parent-volunteer system should be established alongside the professional enhancement of teacher-librarians. These efforts will not only assist these schools in promoting traditional Chinese education abroad but also enable them to become educational resource centers for multicultural services. The findings of this study not only provide developmental guidelines for overseas Taiwan schools but also serve as a crucial reference for local schools in Taiwan to adapt to demographic shifts and foster multicultural learning environments.

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