公司應當為誰所有？又應該為誰而治？巨型企業之存亡不僅僅關乎股東之利益，員工失業、上下游產業訂單減少、債權人呆帳無法收回等等，影響擴及整個社會經濟，使得各國學者無不致力於發展完善的公司治理制度。中國大陸政府於2001年開始，將公司治理列為國民經濟及社會發展之重要改革方向，然而實施多年來，卻始終因國有股一股獨大、一股獨尊而流於「徒有其形而無其神」之弊。本研究將站在公司治理的角度，加入股東行動主義變數，探討中國大陸企業發生財務危機之原因。
本文以被特殊處理及企業信用風險評等較差之上市公司分別作為中國大陸及臺灣模型建構之依變數，探討流通股比率、董監持股比率、獨立董事規模、董監事及高階經理人報酬、年度股東大會出席人數、年度股東大會出席股份率，作為分析中國大陸公司治理特性與企業失敗之關聯性研究；此外監察人內部化、董監持股比率、董監持股質押比率、獨立董事規模、董監事報酬及總經理與財務主管異動次數，則作為研究臺灣公司治理特性與企業財務危機之關係性分析。
本研究發現，配對樣本之下，中國大陸公司治理變數之董監及高階管理人員酬勞佔稅前淨利、獨立董事規模、流通股比率、年度股東大會出席人數、股東大會出席比率，與企業失敗呈顯著負向關係；臺灣公司治理變數之董監持股比率、董監酬勞佔公司稅前淨利，與企業失敗呈顯著負向關係，董監事持股質押比率與公司財務危機呈顯著正相關。另外，非配對樣本之迴歸結果與配樣樣本差異不大，於中國大陸模型中，非配對樣本顯示，企業失敗與董監及高階管理人員酬勞佔稅無顯著關聯，然而與董監持股比率呈顯著負相關；於臺灣模型中，非配對樣本顯示，董監事酬勞佔稅前淨利比率與企業失敗無顯著關聯，然而財務主管之異動次數與企業失敗卻呈一般顯著之正相關，較配對樣本之顯著水準為高。

關鍵字：公司治理、財務危機、股東行動主義

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三、 網路部分：
http://corpgov.net/news/news.html、http://www.thenews.com.pk/print1.asp?id=85450
http://www.sfi.org.tw/Corporate_Governance/top04.asp
http://www.nownews.com/2005/06/29/10844-1810336.htm
http://www.cx-china.com.cn/index.php?op=col&file=read&id=5&aid=710