臺灣面臨持續的外部壓力、兩岸日益擴大的軍力失衡，以及爆發高強度衝突的風險。關於臺灣防衛的 論多聚焦於有形戰力與嚇阻，然而軍事效能同時取決於人員與組織因素，其中尤以「戰鬥意志」為核心，即人員在極端壓力下行動並持續作戰的意向。本研究探討軍事文化如何形塑臺灣國軍的戰鬥意志，並特別關注服從與主動之間的張力。研究並未將二者視為對立的特質，而是視為組織控制的兩種相互競逐的邏輯，其平衡受到文化的中介，並將此一平衡置於戰鬥力之精神要素中加以理解。本研究採用質性、單一個案、詮釋主義的研究設計，透過對十五位現役與甫退役之臺灣軍事人員的半結構式訪談蒐集資料，受訪者涵蓋四個月役期之義務役士兵至資深退役軍官，並橫跨陸軍、海軍陸戰隊、海軍與空軍；另以一位英國軍官之訪談作為詮釋性的參照點。訪談資料以反身性主題分析法分析，並以 Schein 的組織文化模型為依據。研究發展出四項主題：服從的安全感、主動性僅存於非正式行政事務之中、訓練淪為戰備式的展演，高層改革理想與基層執行實務間的落差。研究發現，軍事文化在個人與單位層次削弱了戰鬥意志，而較為持久的意志來源則在於認同與社會連結；本研究並主張，對於日益仰賴去中心化、不對稱抵抗的防衛而言，此種服從文化構成了一項戰略上的矛盾。本研究為臺灣戰鬥意志之文化基礎提供了具經驗依據的分析，並對軍事文化、任務式指揮與國防改革等議題的討論有所貢獻。

Taiwan faces sustained external pressure, a widening military imbalance across the Strait, and the risk of high-intensity conflict. Debate on its defence has centred on material capabilities and deterrence. Yet, military effectiveness also rests on human and organisational factors, chief among them the will to fight: the disposition of personnel to act and persevere under extreme stress. This study examined how military culture shapes the will to fight in Taiwan’s armed forces, with particular attention to the tension between obedience and initiative. Rather than treating these as opposing traits, it conceptualised them as competing logics of organisational control, whose balance is culturally mediated, and located that balance within the moral component of fighting power. Adopting a qualitative, single-case, interpretivist design, the study drew on fifteen semi-structured interviews with serving and recently retired Taiwanese personnel, ranging from four-month conscripts to senior retired officers. The interviews spanned the Army, Marines, Navy and Air Force, with one interview with a British officer used as an interpretive reference point. The interviews were analysed through reflexive thematic analysis, informed by Schein's model of organisational culture. Four themes were developed: the safety of obedience, in which compliance becomes the rational, self-protective choice; the confinement of initiative to informal, administrative life; the experience of training as a performance of readiness; and a rank-stratified gap between a senior narrative of reform and a conscript reality of largely unchanged control. The study found that this culture appears to weaken the will to fight at the individual and unit levels. At the same time, the more durable sources of resolve lie in identity and social attachment. The paper argued that the obedience culture amounts to a strategic contradiction for a defence increasingly reliant on decentralised, asymmetric resistance. The findings contribute an empirically grounded account of the cultural foundations of the will to fight in Taiwan and speak to debates on military culture, mission command and defence reform.

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