論文提要內容:

本研究旨在探討我國新制師範學院學校組織氣氛的特點及教師工作滿意的情形，並分析教師個人因素與其工作滿意度的關係，及求證學校組織氣氛與教師工作滿意的相關情形，以期就「調適更佳的學校組織氣氛」與「提高師院教師工作滿意度」二方面提出建議，供有關單位參考。

研究方法兼採文獻分析法和問卷調查法，整個研究設計是以A.W. Halpin和D.B. Croft的學校氣氛理論及P.C. Smith等人的工作滿意理論為架構，測量工具為經研究者改編過的「學校組織氣氛描述問卷」和「教師工作滿意指標」，受試者係九所新制師範學院的專任教師，實際施測取樣人數為429位，結果共得有效問卷318份，經統計分析後，主要發現如下:

1、我國台灣地區九所新制師範學院的學校組織氣氛均屬於同一類型，在氣氛向度上是趨於「開放型」的，其特徵是:院長表現高度「以身作則」和高度「關懷」的行為、教師們具有高度的「工作精神」、院長對於工作的要求頗高(中度偏高「強調績效」)、教師彼此間存在善中度的「同事情誼」、學校行政措施對教師工作的干擾程度不高(低「阻礙」)、教師們對教育工作和學校的認同感頗高(低「離心」)、院長與教師間無太大的隔閡(低「疏遠」)

2、我國台灣地區新制師範學院教師的工作滿意情形是趨於正面的，其整體工作滿意情形為中度滿意，在六個工作層面中，以對學生的滿意度最高，其滿意程度屬於高度滿意;其次是對上司的滿意度、對工作本身的滿意度，此二工作層面的滿意度均屬於中度滿意;再次為對同事、對工作升遷狀況的滿意度，而對工作報酬的滿意度則最低，此三項工作層面的滿意情形均屬於低度滿意。

3、不同個人背景因素教師在某些工作層面上的滿意情形，有顯著差異存在。

4、學校組織氣氛各層面與教師工作滿意各層面大致呈中度相關，其中「以身作則」、「關懷」、「強調績效」、「工作精神」、「同事情誼」等層面與教師工作滿意成正相關，而「疏遠」、「離心」、「阻礙」等層面則與之成負相關。

根據研究結果提出以下建議:

一、對「如何調適更佳的學校組織氣氛」之建議:各師院院長若稍微降低其工作取向的要求，並且更加注重教師社會需求的滿足的話，則我國新制師範學院將具有完美的學校組織氣氛。

二、對「如何提升師院教師的工作滿意度」之建議:(1)在可行的範圍內，設法再提高師院教師的薪資報酬;(2)建立適當的大學教師進修管道和良好的研究環境;(3)實施教師兼任行政職務輪調制，或增置行政助理員額;(4)鼓勵獲有碩士學位的師院教師繼續進修博士學位。

三、對進一步研究之建議:就更深入探討「我國新制師範學院學校組織氣氛和教師工作滿意情形、驗證學校組織氣氛與教師工作滿意相關學理」兩方面，提出十項後續研究--1.探討形成目前新制師範學院學校組織氣氛類型和特徵的因素;2.探討促使我國九所新制師院具有同一類型學校組織氣氛的原因;3.探討新制師院院長與教師間對學校組織氣氛的知覺差異情形;4.探討影響我國新制師範學院教師工作滿意和不滿意的因素;5.探討師院教師人格特質因素與其知覺學校組織氣氛和工作滿意情形的關係;6.探討不同學歷、不同職級教師的成就動機之高低，是否為造成其工作滿意差異的原因;7.探討學校組織氣氛對新制師院學生學習成就的影響;8.以與新制師院同級而不同類型的學校為研究對象，比較其學校組織氣氛與新制師院之異同;9.若干年後，針對本研究同一問題進行追蹤研究，比較兩次研究結果之異同處，以深入了解師院改制對學校組織氣氛和教師工作滿意的影響情形;10.選擇另一研究對象，以獲得更多學校樣本數，或可發現多種學校組織氣氛類型，並據以了解學校組織氣氛類型對教師工作滿意或其他變項的影響。

參考書目
一、中文部份
(一)書籍
許士軍(民70) 管理學 台北:東華書局
鄭肇禎(1987) 教師教育 香港:中文大學出版社
謝文全(民75) 教育行政—理論與實務 台北:文景出版社

(二)文章
林邦傑(民70) 集群分析及其應用 國立政治大學教育與心理研究 4期 31-57
林邦傑(民76) 整合分析的理論及其在國內的應用 國立政治大學教育與心理研究 10期 1-38頁
許士軍(民61) 有關黎史(Litwin and Stringer)二氏「組織氣候」尺度在我國企業機構之適用性之探討 國立政治大學學報第26期 103-138頁
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(三)學位論文
王春成(民75) 地方教育行政人員溝通滿足感與工作滿足感關係之研究 高雄師範學院教育研究所碩士論文
任晟蓀(民70) 國中校長領導型式與輔導教師背景對輔導教師工作滿足之影響 政治大學教育研究所碩士論文
呂木琳(民66) 國中校長領導方式與學校氣氛之關係 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
吳麗芬(民75) 國民小學組織結構正式化集中化與教師工作動機之關係 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
林山太(民75) 高中校長行政決定運作方式與學校氣氛之關係 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
林坤豐(民71) 國民中、小學校長權力運用方式與教師工作滿足感之關係的比較研究 高雄師範學院教育研究所碩士論文
林新發(民72) 五專校長領導方式與教師工作滿意關係之研究 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
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張保光(民74) 國民中學學校組織氣氛與學生疏離感關係之研究 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
張銀富(民63) 國中教師參與決定與學校氣氛之關係 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
張碧娟(民67) 國民中學教師工作滿足感之研究──激勵－保健兩因素理論之應用 政治大學教育研究所碩士論文
張建成(民67) 工作滿意雙因子理論在學校組織中應用的可能性 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
郭文景(民74) 國中教師參與決定與工作滿意程度關係之研究 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
郭廷芸(民70) 參與管理對員工工作滿足之影響 政治大學公共行政研究所碩士論文
陳嘉陽(民72) 國中教師工作環境知覺、工作滿意、與士氣之研究 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
黃耀卿(民74) 國民中學組織結構與組織氣氛關係之研究 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
黃隆民(民74) 國民中學教師角色衝突與工作滿意度之關係 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
曾燦燈(民67) 國中校長領導型式與教師服務精神之關係 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
鄒浮安(民71) 我國高級職業學校教師工作滿意程度及其影響因素之研究 高雄師範學院教育研究所碩士論文
楊寶琴(民72) 國民中、小學校長領導型式與學校組織氣候關係之比較研究 師範大學教育研究所碩士論文
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鄭美玉(民73) 中等學校行政人員管理動機、內外控與其工作滿足之關係 政治大學教育研究所碩士論文

(四)會議報告
張春與(民76) 新制師範學院師資與教學之展望 政治大學教育研究所「新制師範學院之展望研討會」引言報告
黃炳煌(民76) 談新制師範學院的系科設置與課程設計 政治大學教育研究所「新制師範學院之展望研討會」引言報告

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Watkins,James F.(1968) The OCDQ-An Application and Some Implications Educational Administration Quarterly,4,46-60
Wiggins,T.W.(1972) A Comparative Investigation of Principal Behavior and School Climates The Journal of Educational Research,66,103-105
Yeager.S.J.(1981) Dimensionality of the Job Descriptive Index Academy of Management Journal,24,205-212

(三)學位論文
Albright,B.K.(1978) A Study of the Relationships between and among Leadership Style,Leader Effectiveness,and Organizational Climate in the Elementary Principalship Dissertation Abstracts International,38,7,3818-3819
Allen,Hansel Wilson(1984) The Match of Leader Style with Maturity and Its Influence on Job Satisfaction and Perceived Organizational Effectiveness Dissertation Abstracts lnternational,46,9,2490
Anders,D.F.(1974) Organizational Climate:Correlates of Teaching and Student Performance in Urban Secondary Schools Dissertation Abstracts International,34,7,3722-3723
Bader,Hussain,S.A.(1985) Principals' and Teachers' Perceptions of the Organizational Climate of Bahraini Elementary Schools Dissertation Abstracts lnternational,46,8,2137
Free,Marvin Davis(1985) A Model of Individual, Organizational, and Environmental Determinants of Job Satisfaction Dissertation Abstracts International,46,9,2828
Goodwin,Dennis Harold(1978) A Comparative Study of the Perceptions of Faculty and Administrators Regarding the Importance of Selected Alabama Public Junior Colleges Dissertation Abstracts International 39,9,5228
Grisson,W.A.(1976) The Relationalship between Teacher Self Concept and the Degree of Closedness of the Organizational Climate of Selected Elementary Schools Dissertation Abstracts lnternational,37,3, 1326-1327
Grachek,Barbara Ann(1978) The Relationship between Job Satisfaction among Minnesota College Administrators and Certain Personal and Work Role Characteristics Dissertation Abstracts lnternational,39, 9,5350
Haji-Hashim,Abu Bakar(1985) An Analysis of Job Satisfaction among Academic Staff of Universities in Malaysia Dissertation Abstracts In-ternational,46,7,1791
Harris,W.M.(1978) The Relationship between Instructor Morale and Administrative Climate in Selected Community Colleges Dissertation Abstracts International,39,6,4760
Kwak,Ray V.(1978) The Chief School Officers' Role and Its Relationship to Teachers' Job Satisfaction Dissertation Abstracts International, 39,9,5235
Lim,Sammy Bak Hong(1985) Job Satisfaction Factors of School Administrators and Teachers Dissertation Abstracts lnternational,46,8,2149
Little,Nina(1985) A Study of Teacher Participation in Curriculum Development and Teacher Job Satisfaction Dissertation Abstracts International,46,8,2179
LuDolph,John Frederick(1985) An Examination of Participation in Decision Making and the Perceptions of Satisfaction for Elementary School Principals and Teachers in the State of Illinois Dissertation Abstracts lnternational,46,9,2505
Mitchell,Patricia Turner(1978) Organizational Climates of Elementary Schools and Teachers' Perception of Principals’ Effectiveness Dissertation Abstracts lnternational,39,9,5241
Nidich,Randi Jenne(1985) A Study of the Social Climate of Secondary Schools in the Philippines Dissertation Abstracts International 46,9,2657
Powell,L.E.(1977) The Differences between Selected Characteristics of Principals and Schools within Two Dimensions of Organizational Climate in the Public Schools of Carroll County,Maryland Dissertation Abstracts International,37,8,4760
Prachadetsuwat,Narong(1985) An Investigation into the Sources of Job Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction as Perceived by Faculty Members and Administrators in Selected Private Higher Education Institutions in Thailand Dissertation Abstracts lnternational,46,7,1828
Riffe,John D.(1985) The Internationship of Teacher Stress,organizational Climate,and Academic Achievement in the Elementary Schools of West Virginia Dissertation Abstracts lnternational,46,8,2156
Rohr,S.M.(1979) An Investigation of the Differences between Selected Characteristics of Principals,Teachers,and Elementary Schools within Two Categories of Organizational Climate in the Public Schools of Frederick County,Maryland Dissertation Abstracts International, 38,3,1166
Sommerville,J.C.(1969) An Investigation of the Relationship between the School Organizational Climate and Self Concept,Level of Aspiration, Attitude and Opinion of Students about School Dissertation Abstracts International,30,5,1880-1881
Swirsky,D.M.(1975) Teachers Perceptions of Organizational Climate and Their Acceptance or Rejection of an Innovation in Classroom Practice Dissertation Abstracts International,36,3,1282-1283
Weiler,Michael Rand(1985) Conflict and Its Relationship to the Job Satisfaction,Job Effectiveness,and Career Satisfaction of Secondary School Principals Dissertation Abstracts lnternational,46,9,2515

(四)會議報告
Applbaum,Ronald L. & Anatol,Kark W.E.(1979) An Examination of the Relationship between Job Satisfaction, Organizational Norms, and Communication Climate among Employees in an Organization Paper presented at the Communication Association of the Pacific Conference (Honolulu,Hawaii,July 30-August 1,1979)
Carlson,Robery V.(1986) Conditions for Practice:The Reasons Teachers Selected Rural Schools Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association(67th,San Francisco, CA,April 16-20,1986)
Chissom,Brad et al.(1986) A Qualitative Analysis of Categories of Variables Associated with Professional Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction among Middle School Teachers Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Mid-South Educational Research Association (15th. Memphis,TN,November 19-21,1986)
Haughey,Margaret & Murphy,Peter James(1983) Changing Times:Rural Teachers' Comment on the Quality of Their Work Life Research report in Eric
Hoy,Wayne K.;Kottamp,Robert & Mulhern,John(1985) Secondary School Climate:A Revision of the OCDQ Technical report, Rutgers University
Hubert,John A. et al.(1983) The Unit of Analysis in the Study of the Relationship of Teacher Stress to School Variables Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Educational Research Association(Ellenville, NY,october 26-28,1983)
Knopp,Robert & O'Reilly,Robert R.(1978) Job Satisfaction of Teachers and Organizational Effectiveness of Elementary Schools Research report in Eric
Kreis,Kathleen(1983) The Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Needs Eulfillment among Urban High School Teachers Research report in Eric
Schneider,Gail Thierbach(1985) The Myth of Curvilinearityt:An Analysis of Decision-making Involvement and Job Satisfaction Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (Chicago,IL,March 31-April 4,1985)
Wright,Michael D.(1986) Relationships among Esteem, Autonomy, Job Satisfaction, and the Intention to Quit Teaching of Experienced Industrial Education Teachers Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the American Vocational Association (Dallas,TX,December,1986)