媒體危機事件扮演之角色: 以台灣印刷媒體在SARS危機為例

This study aims to explore the interaction between the media and the government during Taiwan’s SARS crisis of 2003 and observe the media’s attitude toward the government’s efforts to contain the epidemic. This paper is particularly interested understanding whether the media presented the government in a way that enabled or inhibited the government’s efforts to manage the crisis. Qualitative content analysis is used to operationalize print media’s “framing” of events. Articles are collected from two print media outlets, China Post and Taipei Times.

7. References

Ashcroft, L.S. (1997) 'Crisis management - public relations', Journal of Managerial Psychology, 12(5), pp. 325-332.
Buus, S. and Olsson, E.K. (2006) 'The SARS crisis: was anybody responsible?',Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 14(2), pp. 71-81.
Bergeron, S.L., Sanchez, A.L. (2005) 'Media effects and students during SARS outbreak', Emerging Infectious Diseases, 11(5), pp. 732-734.
Berry, T.R., Wharf-Higgins, J., Naylor, P.J. (2007) 'SARS wars: an examination of the quantity and construction of health information in the news media', Health Communication, 21(1), pp. 35-44.
Bomlitz, L.J. and Brezis, M. (2008) 'Misrepresentation of health risks by mass media',Journal of Public Health, 30(2), pp. 202-204.
Chen, K.T., Twu, S.J., Chang, H.L., Wu, Y.C., Chen, C.T., Lin, T.H., Olsen, S.J., Dowell, S.F., and Su, I.J. (2005) 'SARS in Taiwan: an overview and lessons learned', International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 9, pp. 77-85.
Cohen, M.L. (2000) 'Changing patterns of infectious disease', Nature,406, pp. 762-767.
Cui, J.G., Sun, Y.H., and Zhu, H.P. (2008) 'The impact of media on the control of infectious diseases', Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations, 20(1), pp. 31-53.
Elo, S. and Kyngas H. (2007) 'The qualitative content analysis process', JAN: Research Methodology, 62(1), pp. 107-115.
Entman, R.M. (2007) 'Framing bias: media in the distribution of power', Journal of Communication, 57(), pp. 163-173.
Fidler, D.P. (1996) 'Globalization, international law, and emerging infectious diseases', Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2(2), pp. 77-84.
Graneheim, U.H. and Lundman, B. (2003) 'Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness', Nurse Education Today, 24(), pp. 105-112.
Greenfeld, K.T. (2006) China syndrome: the true story of the 21st century's first great epidemic, New York: HarperCollins Publishers.
Gushulak, B.D., and MacPherson, D.W. (2004) 'Globalization of infectious diseases: the impact of migration', Travel Medicine, 38(), pp. 1742-1748.
Hsieh, H.F. and Shannon, S.E. (2005) 'Three approaches to qualitative content analysis', Qualitative Health Research, 15(), pp. 1277-1288.
King, D.A., Peckham, C., Waage, J.K., Brownlie, J., Woolhouse, M.E.J. (2006) 'Infectious diseases: preparing for the future', Science,313(), pp. 1392-1393.
Krippendorff, K. (1980) Content analysis: an introduction to its methodology, California: Sage Publications.
Liu, R.S., Wu, J.H., and Zhu, H.P. (2007) 'Media/psychological impact on multiple outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases',Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, 8(3), pp. 155-164.
Selgelid, M. J. (2005) 'Ethics and infectious disease', Bioethics, 19(3), pp. 272-289.
Smith, K.F., Dobson, A.P., McKenzie, F.E., Real, L.A., Smith, D.L., and Wilson, M.L. (2005) 'Ecological theory to enhance infectious disease control and public health policy', The Ecological Society of America, 3(1), pp. 29-37.
Smith, R.D. (2006) 'Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks: lessons from SARS on the role of risk perception, communication and management', Social Science & Medicine, 63(), pp. 3113-3123.
Spellberg, B. (2008) 'Dr. William H. Stewart: mistaken or maligned?', Clinical Infectious Diseases, 47(2), pp. 294.
Soroka, S.N. (2002) 'Issue attributes and agenda-setting by media, the public, and policymakers in Canada', International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 14(3), pp. 264-285.
Tang, C.P. (2014) 'Coordinating fragmented authority in crisis management: political structure and institutional adaptation in Taiwan's SARS outbreak', Unpublished manuscript.
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2003) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - Taiwan, 2003, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 52 (2), pp. 461-466.
Uscinski, J.E. (2009) 'When does the public's issue agenda affect the media's issue agenda (and vice-versa)? Developing a framework for media-public influence', Social Science Quarterly, 90(4), pp. 796-815.
Wang, T.L. (2012) 'Presentation and impact of market-driven journalism on sensationalism in global TV news', International Communication Gazette, 74, pp. 711-727.
Wu, Y.C. (2006) Risk communication during the SARS outbreak in Taiwan: what did we do and what have we learned?, SARS Control Research Programme.
Zhang, X. (2006) 'Reading between the headlines: SARS, Focus and TV current affairs programmes in China', Media, Culture & Society,28, pp. 715-737.