本研究的目的在於探討失業率以及其他各縣市特性對於自營作業部門消長的影響，我們採用1998-2013年台灣20個縣市的追蹤調查資料（panel data）進行研究，將各縣市的失業率、性別比例、平均年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀態、平均每戶人口數、平均每人可支配所得以及社會福利支出比例納入解釋變數進行迴歸模型的建構，觀察各變數對於我國自營作業部門的影響。
實證結果指出，失業率的攀升對於自營作業部門所占比例具有正向的影響，支持「不景氣-推擠」效果假說。女性比例愈高、平均年齡愈高、教育程度較低以及結婚率愈高，對於各縣市自營作業部門比例也具有正向的作用；社會福利支出比例愈高則具有負向的影響；家戶人口數與所得對於自營作業部門比例則不具有影響。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that affect the self-employment in counties of Taiwan. The outher uses the panel data of 20 counties for the period 1988-2013 to do the research. Then the researcher sets the unemployment rate and other characteristics of counties as independent variables to build the regression models.
The results show that an increase of the unemployment rate has a positive effect on self-employment, which support the “recession-push” hypothesis. Besides,the proportion of female, the age, the marriage rate and the percentage of education level which under junior high school also have positive correlation with the rate of self-employment sector. However, the social welfare spending ratio has negative correlation with the rate of self-employment sector. Fanally, this study shows that the family size and income have no impact on self-employment.

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