序言
民主政治的真諦，不在於憲法法條文如何規定，也不在於人們於選舉中所表現的高投票率，因為它絕不是刻於銅板上之文字。而是存在於人們心中對民主的基本認識如何，它是一種思想、觀念、生活習慣！在今日民主政治運作已上正軌的國家，無一不透過成功的政黨政治來實現，因此政黨成為研究今日民主政治運作上所不可缺乏的主題，欲了解一個國家民主政治的運作如何，必先探討其政黨的實際功能如何，才能有所了解。
德國民主政治怱怱建立於威瑪時代，又在多難、挫折、無效能的情況下，結東其為時只十四年的命運。希特勒納粹獨裁，給予德國民主政治幼苗，致命的打擊。戰後在佔領軍政府之「強制」下，再行民主政治，出乎人們意料之外，實行至今還尚能充分表現民主政治的功能，且民主政治鞏固的程度愈來愈堅固，這不能不歸之於德國政黨政治運用的成功。社會民主黨成立於一八六三年，至今一百一十四年之悠久歷史中，歷經政治迫害、壓制、挫折、屠殺，卻始終能不移其信念，時時為保衛德國脆弱的民主政治而奮鬪、犧牲！本文擬透過德國社民黨之研究，來探討德國民主政治的實質，以及戰後德國政黨政治運作的情形，與社民黨在戰後德國政治上的角色。研究其如何由一個馬克斯社會主義理念性的工人政黨，演進成為社會主義經驗性的全民民主政黨的努力，並探討政黨政治上的一些基本原則。誠然每一個國家之政黨有其不同的歷史、文化、社會背景，因此其表現也就有所不同，但政黨政治上的一些基本法則，卻是相同。可以作為我們的借鏡，可以吸取其寶貴經驗，作為我們於開拓政黨政治更美好的前程之參考。
對於德國政黨與政治，我們不能如同對英美一樣有所深刻的了解，因此對於在西歐居於領導地位，以及日愈重要的世界地位之德國，對其政黨與政治實有必要對其專門研究。但資料的缺乏、專門書籍的陳舊，使這方面之研究，一切要從頭開始。收集相關的資料費時頗久，其間所遭遇到的困難，不是任何人可以了解，多少次幾乎要放棄在這方面努力的念頭，但最後還是堅定我的意志與信心。因而能完成國內第一本有關德國政黨與政治之研究論文，這是唯一可以安慰的。希望在未來，能有機會繼續在這方面從事更進一步的研究。
論文寫作期間，首先要感謝雷老師飛龍，在公忙之餘細心為我批改修正，提供我許多意見，給予我剴切而深入之指示，而能在反覆思維中，獲益良多，謹此表示最誠摯的謝忱。荊老師知仁、華老師力進、郎老師裕憲、曾老師濟群，時時關切寫作進度，愛護至深，深表感激。德國文化中心、德國聯邦新聞局局長梅耶博士（Dr. Helene May）、德國政治協會秘書長辛德曼夫人（Mrs. Babara Sindermann）、社民黨總黨部、社民黨眾議院黨團蘇洛博士（Dr. Walter Zöller）及參議院黨團耶士波先生（Mr. Jaspert）、布蘭德私人辦公室羅森先生（Mr. Klaus-Henning Rosen）、德國論壇總編輯海因玆先生（Mr. Otto Heinz），或提供我最新資料，或解答疑難。而史泰勒基金會（Steyler Mission）及德國學術文化交流服務會（DAAD），贈送我或協助我購買最新書籍，謹此致上最誠摯的謝意。
最後要感激撫育我多年的年老雙親，教誨我的恩師，影響我的大哥，以及一直給予我精神上鼓勵的游美麗小姐，這一切的榮譽應該歸之於他們。

壹：中文部分：
1.中央委員會設計考核委員會，西德的復興（專題研究報告五○三，民國五三年）。
2.中央委員會設計考核委員會，西德的復興與現狀分析（專題報告五一八，民國五九年）。3.郎裕憲先生譯，「一九六九年西德眾議院大選選舉人投票行為之分析」，刊於憲政思潮季刊十三期（民國六十年）。
4.施啓揚、李鍾桂合著，歐洲政治論文集，人人文庫（台北：商務，民國六十年）。
5.雲五社會科學大辭典第三冊政治學（台北：商務印書館，民國六十年）。
6.黃祝貴先生，「東西德之相互關係」，刊於台大社會科學論叢廿三輯（民國六十四年）。7.鄭壽麟先生編著，西德政治資料，人人文庫（台北：商務，民國六十二年）。
8.羅志淵先生，戰後英法德政治發展評論（台北：商務，民國六十三年）。
9.羅志淵先生編著，西德政府及政洽（台北：自印，民國六一年）。
10.關德懋先生譯，西德聯邦總理阿德諾傳（拾穗月刊，民國四八年）。
11.拙文，「從歷屆國會大選探討德國社會民主黨」，國會第八卷第一期（民國六六年）。12.拙文，「聯邦德國內閣制之泛論」，國會第七卷第十期（民國六十五年）。
13.拙文，「德國總統職權與地位之探討」，國立政洽大學政治研究所年刊第十期（民國六五年）。
14.拙文，「德國總統、總理關係與職權之探討」，國立政治大學研究生雜誌（民國六十五年）。
II. Reference Books:
1. Adenauer Konard, Memories, Vol. I (London: Weidenfeld, 1966) Vol.II, III, IV (Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlagsanstalt, 1966, 1967, 1968).
2.___________, Erinnerungen 1945-1955(Stuttgart, 1965).
3. Albinski, Henry S. & Lawrence K. Pettit (eds.), European Political Process: Essays and Readings (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc., 1968).
4. Almond, G. A. & S. Verba, The Civil Culture (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1963).
5. Andrews, William G., European Political Institution: A Comparative Government Reader,
2nd edition, (New Jersey: D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., 1966).
6. Augstein, Rudolf, Konard Adenauer (London: Secker & Warburg, 1964).
7. Baring, Arnulf, Aussenpolitik in Adenauer’s Kanzler-Demokratik (München: Oldenbourg, 1969).
8. Baumert, Gerhard, Jugend der Nachkrieszeit (Edward Roether Verlag, 1952).
9. Beer, Samuel H. & Adam B. Ulam (eds.), Patterns of Government: The Major Political Systems of Europe, 2nd edition(revised and enlarged)(New York: Random House, 1963).
10. Bergner, Gert, Rudolf Augstein und die "" Spiegel ""Affäre (Berlin: Stoedtner Verlag,
1964).
11. Besson, Waldemar, Friedrich Ebert (Göttingen, 1963).
12. Braham, Randolph L. (ed.), Documents on Major European Government (New York: Alfred
A. Knopf, 1966).
13. Brandt, Willy, Aussenpolitik Deutschland, Europapolitik (Berlin: Berlin Verlag, 1968).
14. ___________, My Road to Berlin: The Autobiography of Willy Brandt (New York:
Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1960).
15. ___________, Begegnungen mit Kennedy (Müchen: Kindler Verlag, 1964).
16. Brandt, Willy, & Richard Löwenthal, Ernst Reuter, Ein Leben für die München ( München : Kindler Verlag, 1957).
17. Bracher, Karl D., Die Auflösung der Weimarer Republik (Villingen-Schwarzwald, 1960).
18. Braun, Joachim, Gustav Heinemann: the Committed President (London: Oswald Wolff, 1972).
19. Broad, Rogen & R. J. Jarrett, Community Europe Today (reprinted)(London: Oswald Wolff, 1974).
20. Chalmers, Douglas A., The Social Democratic Party of Germany (Yale University Press,
1964).
21. Cole, Taylor (ed.), European Political Systems (revised 2nd edition)(New York: Alfred
A. Knopf, 1961).
22. Cook, Chris & John Paxton, European Political Facts: 1918-73 (London & Basingstoke:
Macmillan Press Ltd., 1975).
23. Craig, Gordon A., From Bismarck To Adenauer: Aspects of German Statecraft (New York:
Harper & Row, 1965).
24. Dahl, Robert A. (ed.), Political Opposition in Western Democracies (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1966).
25. Dahrendorf, Ralf, Society & Democracy in Germany (New York, 1967).
26. Deutsch, K. W. & L. J. Edinger, Germany Rejoins the Powers (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1959).
27. DIVO Institute, Basic Orientation & Political Thinking of West German Youth and Their Leaders (Frankfurt am Main: DIVO Institute, 1926).
28. Diwald, Helmut, Die Anerkennung: Bericht zur Klage der Nation (München: Bechtle,
1970).
29. Dogan, Mattei & Richard Rose (eds.), European Politics: A Reader (London & Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1971).
30. Dulles, Eleanor Lansing, One Germany or Two: The Struggle at the Heart of Europe (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1970).
31. Grosser, Alfred, Germany in Our Time: A Political History of the Postwar Years ( London: Paul Mall Press, 1971).
32. Grosser, Alfred, The Federal Republic of Germany: A Concise History, 3rd edition
(New York: Prederick A. Praeger, 1965).
33. Habermas, Jürgen, et. al., Student und Politik: Eine Soziologisohe Untersuchung zum
Politischen Bewusstsejn Frankfurt Studenten (Hermann Luchterhand Verlag, 1961).
34. Hanrieder, Wolfram F., The Stable Crisis: Two Decade of German Foreign Policy
(New York: Harper & Row, 1970).
35. Heidemheimer, Arnold, Adenauer and the CDU (The Hauge Martinus Nijhoff, 1960).
36. Heidenheimer, Amold J., The Government of Germany (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1961).
37. Heine, Friedrich, Dr. Kurt Schumacher: Ein demokratische Sozialist europäischer Prägung (Gottingen: Musterschmidt, 1969).
38. Erler, Fritz, Democracy in Germany (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1965).
39. Finer, Hermann, Government of Great European Powers, 2nd edition (New York: Henry
Holt & Company, 1956).
40. Glum, Friecirich, Das Parlamentarische Regierungssystem in Deutschland, Grossbritannien and Frankreich, 1965.
41. Gorgey, Laszlo, Bonn’s Eastern Policy 1964-1971 (Gerald Freund).
42. Grosser, Alfred, Germany in Our Time: A Political History of the Postwar Years (London: Paul Mall Press, 1971).
43. Grosser, Alfred, The Federal Republic of Germany: A Concise History, 3rd edition (New York: Prederick A. Praeger, 1965).
44. Habermas, Jürgen, et. al., Student und Politik: Eine Soziologische Untersuchung
zum Politischen Bewusstsein Frankfurt Students (Hermann Luchterhand Verlag, 1961).
45. Hanrieder, Wolfram F., The Stable Crisis: Two Decade of German Foreign Policy (New York: Harper & Row, 1970).
46. Heidemheimer, Arnold, Adcnauer and the CDU (The Hauge Martinus Nijhoff, 1960).
47. Heidenheirmer, Arnold J., The Government of Germany (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1961).
48. Heine, Friedrich, Dr. Kurt Schumacher: Ein demokratische Sozialist europäischer Prägung (Gottingen: Musterschmidt, 1969).
49. Herz, John H., The Government of Germany, 2nd edition (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1972).
50. Herzfeld, Hans, Berlin in der Westpolitik 1945-1970(Bonn).
51. Henig, Stanley & John Pinder (eds.), European Political Parties (London: George Allen & Union Ltd., 1969).
52. Hiscocks, Richard, Democracy in Western Germany, 3rd edition (London: Oxford University Press, 1963).
53. Hunt, Richard N., German Social Democracy: 1918-1933 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1964).
54. IfD, Wählermeinung-nicht geheim (Allensbuch uad Bonn: Verlag für Demoskopie, 1969).
55. Jaspers, Karl, Freiheit und Wiedervereinigung (Müchen: R. Riper, 1960).
56. Johnson, Nevil, Government in the Federal Republic of Germany: The Executive at work (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1973).
57. Kaiser, Karl, German Foreign Policy in Transition: Bonn between East and West
(London: Oxford University Press, 1968).
58. Kaisen, Karl, German Foreign Policy in Transition (London: Oxford University Press, 1968).
59. Kitzinger, U. W., German Electoral Politics: A Study of the 1957 Campaign (London: Oxford University Press, 1960).
60. Lane, John C. & James K. Pollock (eds.), Source Materials of the Government and Politics of Germany (Michigan: Ann Arbor, 1964).
61. Lange, Max G. et. al., Parteien in der Bundesrepublik (Villingen, 1955).
62. LaPalombara, Joseph & Myron Weiner (eds.), Political Parties and Political Development (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1966).
63. Lakomski, Jesse, Ludwig Erhard: Der Mensch und Politiker (Düsedorf: Econ. Verlag, 1965).
64. Lipset, Seymom, Political M (New York: Doubleday, 1960).
65. Lipset, Seymour N. & Stein Pokkan (eds.), Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross-National Perspectives (New York: The Free Press, 1967).
66. Lowenberg, Gerhard, Parliament in the German Political System (Ithaca: Cronell University Press, 1967).
67. Luckey, G., Free Churches in Germany (Bad Nauheim, 1956).
68. Macridis, Ray C. & Robert E. Ward (eds.), Modern Political Systems: Europe, 2nd edition (New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968).
69. Nacridis, Roy C. (ed.), Foreign Policy in World Politics, 4th edition (New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc., 1972).
70. Merkl, Peter H., Germany: Yesterday and Tomorrow (London: Oxford University Press, 1965).
71. Merkl, Peter, H., German Foreign Politics, West & East: on the Threshold of a New European Era (California: Santa Barbara, 1974).
72. Michels, Robert, Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy (reissue)(New York: Collier Books).
73. Noerhe, Elisabeth & Erich Peter Neumann, Jahrbuch der Öffentlichen Neinung (Allenbuch und Bonn: Verlag für Demoskopie, 1957).
74. Neumann, Sigmund (ed.), Modern Political Parties: Approach to Comparative Politics (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1956).
75. Noelle, Elisabeth, Auskunft über die Parteien. Ergebnisse der Unfrageforschung in Deutschland (Allensbach am Bodensee und Bonn: Verlag für Demoskopie, 1955).
76. Noelle, Elisabeth & Erich Peter Neumann (eds.), The Germans: Public Opinion
1947-1966 (Allenbuch und Bonn: Verlag für Demoskopie, 1967).
77. Olzog, Günter, Die Politischen Parteien (München: Olzog Verlag, 1965).
78. Oschilewski, Walther G., Am Hebelwerk Der Geschichte: Kurt Schumacher (Berlin: Geodächtnis Verlag GmbH, 1962). ‘
79. Pinney, Edward L., Federalism, Bureaucracy, and the Party Politics in West Germany: The Role of the Bundesrat (The University of North Carolina Press, 1963).
80. Pirker, Theo, The SPD nach Hitler (München: Rütten Verlag, 1965).
81. Pollock, Friedrich, Gruppenexperiment: Ein Studienbericht (Frankfurt am Main: Europ
MainLEuropäische Verlagsanstalt, 1955).
82. Pollock, James K. (ed.), German Democracy At Work: a selective study (Michigan:
The University of Michigan Press, 1955).
83. Preece, R. J. C., Land Elections in the German Federal Republic (London: Longmans, Green and Ltd., 1968).
84. Prittie, Terence, Willy Brandt: Portrait of a Statesman (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1974).
85. Rae, Rouglas, The Political Consequence of Electoral Law (New Haven, 1967).
86. Schaffner, Bertram, Fatherland: A Study of Authoritarianism in the Germany Family (Columbia University Press, 1948).
87. Schoenbaum, David, Hitler’s Social Revolution: Class & Status in Nazi Germany
1933-1939 ( New York, 1966).
88. Spiro, Herbert J., The Politics of German Codetermination (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1955).
89. Stein, Haroad (ed.), American Civil-Military Decisions (Albania: Birmingham, 1963).
90. Szaz, Zoltan Michael, Germany’s Eastern Frontiers: The Problem of the Oder- Neisse Line (Chicago: Henry Regenry Company, 1960).
91. Theodxor, Heuss, Die Grossen Reden-Der Staatsmann (Tübingen, 1965).
92. Willis, F. Roy, The French in Germany: 1945-49 (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1962).
93. Windsor, Philip, Germany and the Management of Detente (London: Chatto & Windus, 1971).
III. Articles:
1. Adenauer, Konard, “The German Problem, A World Problem,” Foreign Affairs (October
1962).
2. Allen, Diane Manchester, “Development of Postwar Policy in Germany,” Western Politics Quarterly (March 1964).
3. “Brandt alias Frahm,” Der Spiegel (August 23, 1961).
4. Bucerius, Gerd, “Der Adenauer: Subjektive Beobachtungen eines unbequemen Weggenossen,” Zeit Magazine, Nr.2/2 (January 1976).
5. Busse H. & W. Haenisch, “Friedliche Koexistenz-Grundprinzig der Aussenpolitik der
DDR,” Deutsche Aussenpolitik, No.1. (1974).
6. Childs, David, “West Germany: Helmut v. Helmut,” Contemporary Review, Vol.230, No.1333 (February 1977).
7. Cromwell, Richard S., “Rightist Extremism in Postwar West Germany,” Western
Politics Quarterly (June 1964).
8. Culver, Lowell W., “Land Elections in West German Politics,” Western Politics Quarterly, Vol.XIX, No.2 (June, 1966).
9. Eberlein, Klaus D., “Die Wahlentscheidung vom 17 Spetember, 1961, Thre Ursachen und Wirkung, “ Zeitschrift für Politik, Vol.9 (1962).
10. Erye, Bruce B., “The German Democratic Party 1918-1930, “ Western Politics Quarterly (March 1963).
11. Eschenburg, Theodor, “Die Affäre eine Analyse,” Die Zeit (Hamburg 1962).
12. Fried, Robert C., “Party and Policy in West German Cities, “ American Political Science Review, Vol.70 (1976).
13. “Germany-France Struggle---How Far will it go?” U. S. News & World Report (December 6, 1971).
14. Grunder, Gerhard E., “Die lsosse Koalition-eine Zwangschandlung,” Frankfurter Hefte, Vol. XXII, No.1 (January, 1967).
15. Heinrich, Hans, “Deutsch Politik,” Gewerkschaftliche Monatschefte,Vol.14,Mai 1963. 16. 16. Henegnan, Tom, “The Challenge to Schmidt: West Germany Prepairs to Vote,” The New Leader (September 13, 1976).
17. Kirchheimer, “Germany Democracy in the 1950’s” World Politics, Vol.13 (1961).
18. Kirchheimer, Otto, “The Waning of Opposition in Parliamentary Regimes,” Social Research Vol.24 (1957).
19. Koschnick, Wolfgang J., “West Germany Comes of Age,” Contemporary Review (August 1976).
20. Kuklick, Bruce, “The Division of Germany and American Policy on Reparations,” Western Politics Quarterly (June, 1970).
21. Langerhans, Hans, “Repolitisierung der SPD,” Frankfurt Hefte Vol.XXI, No.7 (July
1966).
22. Lewin, Daniel, “The Decline of Tradition in the Ferman Foreign Service,” The Western Politics Quarterly (December 1966).
23. Lodge, Juliet, “The Organization and Control of European Integration in the Federal Republic of Germany,” Parliamentary Affairs, Vol. XXVIII, No.4 (Autumn 1975).
24. Lovenz, Jürgen, “Germany After Erhard: An Analysis, “Atlantic Community Quarterly (May, 1967).
25. Merkl, Peter H., “Comparative Study and Campaign Management: The Brandt Campaign in Western Germany,” Western Politics Quarterly (December 1962).
26. Merkl, Peter, H., “Equilibrium, Structure of Interests and Leadership: Adenauer’s Survival as Chancellor” American Political Science Review, LVI (March 1962).
27. Möller , Heinz, “Opposition’s Election Red Hearing,” German International ( June 1976).
28. Merkl, Peter. H., “The German Janus:. From Westpolitik To Ostpolitik,” Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 89, No.4 (Winter 1974-75).
29. Niethammer, Lutz, “Amerikanische Besatzung und bayerische Politik 1945,” Viertcljahrshefte für Zeiteschichte, XV (1967).
30. Schiller, Karl, “Germany’s Economic Requirements, ” Foreign Affairs, Vol.43, No.4 (July 1965).
31. Schweig, Gerhard, “Canvassing for Votes,” Scala (August 1976).
32. “Sonderdruck des Deutschland Union Dienstes,” Düsseldorfer Leitsaetz (July 15, 1949).
33. Sternberger, Dolf, “Parties & Party Systems in Postwar Germany,” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, CCLX (November 1948).
34. “Wass soll Born tun,” Der Spiegel, November 16, 1970.
35. “Wege Zur Sicherung des freien Wettbewerbs,” Das Parlament (July 24, 1957).
36. Wright, William E., “Ideological-Pragmatic Orientations of West Berlin Local Party Officials,” Western Politics Quarterly (August, 1967).
37. Möller, Heinz, “Opposition’s Election Red Hearing,” German International (June
1976).
38. Merkl, Peter, H., “The German Janus: From Westpolitik To Ostpolitik,” Political Science Quarterly, Vol.89, No.4 (Winter 1974-75).
39. Niethammer, Lutz, “Amerikanische Besatzung und bayerische Politik 1945,” Viertcljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, XV (1967).
40. “Protest ist Keine Denkmalsschaendung mehr,” Süddeutsche Zeitung(September 6, 1961).
41. Richard, James L., “Germany’s Eastern Policy: Problems and Prospects, “ The World Today (September 1968).
42. Schellenger, H. Kent, Jr., “The German Social Democratic Party after World War
II: The Conservatism of Power,” The Western Politics Quarterly, Vol.XIX, No.2 (June 1966).
43. “Protest ist Keine Kenkmalsschaendung mehr,” Süddeutsche Zeitung (September 6, 1961).
44. Richard, James L., “Germany’s Eastern Policy: Problems and Prospects,” The World Today (September 1968).
45. Schellenger, H. Kent, Jr., “The German Social Democratic Party after World War II:
The Conservatism of Power,” Tue Western Politics Quarterly, Vol. XIX, No.2 (June 1966).
46. Schiller, Karl, “Germany’s Economic Requirements,” Foreign Affairs, Vo143, No.4 (July 1965).
47. Schweig, Gerhard, “Canvassing for Votes,” Scala (August 1976).
48. “Sonderdruck des Deutschland Union Dienstes,” Düsseldorfer Leitsaetz (July 15, 1949).
49. Sternberger, Dolf, “Parties & Party Systems in Postwar Germany,” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, CCLX (November 1948).
50. “Wass soll Born tun?” Der Spiegel, November 16, 1970.
51. “Wege Zur Sicherung des freien Wettbewerbs,” Das Parlament (July 24, 1957).
52. Wright, William E., “Ideological-Pragmatic Orientations of West Berlin Local Party Officials,” Western Politics Quarterly (August, 1967).
IV. Documents & Governmental Publications:
1. Archive Supplement: Policy Statement by the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany delivered by Chancellor Helmut Schmidt before the German Bundestag on 16 December 1976 Experts. (Bonn, 1976).
2. Bahr, Egon, Development Policy makes sense---Cooperative benefits all (Speech and Interviews)(Bonn, 1975).
3. Basic Law For The Federal Republic of Germany (Bonn: Press and Information Office of the Government of Federal Republic of Germany, 1973).
4. Basic Programme of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (Bonn: Vorstand der SPD).
5. Bericht der Sozialdemokraten über die Bchandlung der “Spiegel” Affäre durch die
Bundesregirung (Bonn: Presse-und Informationsamt der Bundesregierung, 1975).
6. Brandt, Willy , Peace: Writings and Speeches of the Nobel Peace Prizewinner, 1971 (Bonn: Verlag Neue Gesellschaft GmbH, 1971).
7._________ , Federal Chancellor, Biographies/Brandt (Bonn: Inter Nations, 1971).
8. Bulletin No.23, February 5, 1963.
9. Bundesarchiv R43, 11/856 (Bonn).
10. Bundesakademie: für öffentliche Verwaltung (Bonn: Offentlichkeitsarbeit des Bundesinnernministeriums, 1975).
11. Chancellor Helmut Schmidt Policy Statement, Nay 17, 1974.
12. Dem Deutsche Volke (Bonn: Press and Information Office of the Government of Federal
Republic of Germany).
13. Die Berlin-Regelung: Das Viermächte-Abkommen über Berlin und die ergäzenden
Vereinbarungen ( Bonn: Herausgegeben vow Presse-und Informationsamt der Bundesregierung, 1971).
14. Die Entwicklung der Bezichungen Zwischen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der
Deutschen Demokratischen Republik: Bericht und Dokumentation (Beilin: Bundesminister
für innerdeutsche Beziehungen, 1973).
15. Documentation Relating to the Federal Government’s Policy of Detente (Bonn, 1974).
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23. Göbel, Helmut (ed.), Parties in the Federal Republic of Germany: How the Parties represented in the German Bundestag Present themselves to the electorate (Bonn:
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41. Renunciation of Force Treaty between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, August 21, 1970.
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50. The Development of the Relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic (Bonn: Press and Information Office of the Government of Federal Republic of Germany, 1973).
51. The Report of Nuremberg Congress of SPD, April 1968.
52. Treaty on Mutual Relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic of 11 December, 1973 (Bonn, 1973).
53. The Treaty between the Federal Republic of Germany and the People’s Republic of
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54. The Treaty of August 12, 1970 between the Federal Republic of Germany and the
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56. Texts Relating to the European Political Cooperation (Bonn: Press and Information Office of the Government of Federal Republic of Germany, 1974).
57. Verhandlungen des Deutschen Bundestages (Bundestagsprotokolle), 4, Wahlperiode, Stenographische Bericht, Bonn, Sessions 45, 46 & 47, November 7, 8, and 9, 1962, pp.1949B-63B, 1981D-2010D, 2013A-25D, 2075B-90A.
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