本研究主要是利用國內的海洛因戒治者，透過神經心理作業探討長期使用海洛因對於個體在注意力偏誤、轉換彈性和抑制能力上的影響。
根據Robinson和Berridge（1993, 2003）的理論認為成癮嚴重度越高，藥物相關線索的注意力偏誤越明顯；然而，根據Di Chiara（2000）提出關於整合誘因和習慣的觀點，認為成癮的注意力偏誤和趨向行為會受到不同的成癮嚴重度(輕度或重度成癮)或成癮階段(早期或習慣化後期)而有不同的結果，另外，以往的執行功能損害也支持Robinson和Berridge（1993, 2003）成癮嚴重度的觀點，因此本研究企圖同時檢驗上述兩者觀點。

本研究篩選111名台中戒治所和看守所的海洛因戒治者，分別根據不同的成癮嚴重程度分類方式分組(依賴嚴重度量表、不同頻率、施用方式)，加上29名健康對照組，共140名受試均需完成自陳氏量表、紙筆測驗和各項神經心理測驗（Stroop叫色作業、威斯康辛卡片分類測驗、Go/No Go作業）。

研究結果指出海洛因戒治者相較對照組確實在注意力偏誤、認知彈性轉換、以及反應抑制能力有損害的趨勢，而且似乎較符合Di Chiara（2000）提出整合誘因和習慣的觀點，認為成癮者的認知功能會與成癮嚴重度成負向關係。

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