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| 研究生： |
林子文 |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱： |
應用加法分持設計安全多方應用程式 Developing Secure Multiparty Applications Using Additive Secret Sharing |
| 指導教授： | 陳恭 |
| 學位類別： |
碩士
Master |
| 系所名稱： |
理學院 - 資訊科學系 |
| 論文出版年： | 2013 |
| 畢業學年度： | 101 |
| 語文別： | 中文 |
| 論文頁數： | 51 |
| 中文關鍵詞： | 安全多方計算 、密碼學 |
| 相關次數： | 點閱：100 下載：24 |
| 分享至: |
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資訊安全中,針對安全多方計算的問題已經發展了許多解法。其中一派以計
算上安全(Computationally Secure)出發,嘗試對安全計算提出通用性(general)的解
法 , 但 是 這 類 作 法 需 要 的 效 能 甚 鉅 。 另 外 一 派 是 以 資 訊 上 安 全 (Information
-theoretically Secure)為前提,透過可信任的第三者公正伺服器來提供亂數資料輔
助實際運作的兩方計算,這個方法雖然需要的效能比前者低,但是擴充成多方計
算會造成設計的複雜度變高,一般實際的安全多方運用不見得需要這麼完整的解
法。
為了進一步推廣安全多方計算的運用,需要一個設計上較簡單,執行效率較
高,在處理常用的安全多方計算時能套用或擴充的模型 (model),我們利用加法分
持的概念設計了一個安全多方應用程式的模型,適合解決保障隱私的選舉投票的
類似問題,並以安全會議排程為例,闡述如何考量安全多方計算的需求來應用這
個模型。
Secure multiparty computation (SMC) allows several untrusting parties to conduct
certain computations over their private data jointly without compromising their privacy.
Since Yao's pioneer work on secure two-party computation, there have been many
proposals of protocols for specific problems as well as of general approaches for secure
protocol development.
However, those proposals, though general, are all very complex and take a lot of
computation resources, thus making people consider them impractical for real-world
applications. This thesis focuses on a simple approach to secure multiparty computation,
namely additive secret sharing, and presents a framework for developing some
real-world applications using it. We argue that, although this approach can solve only a
limited scope of SMC problems, it is easy to apply and is computationally efficient.
Besides showing some typical examples supported by our framework, we have
developed a secure meeting time scheduler to demonstrate the feasibility of this
approach.
第一章 緒論.......................................................................4
1.1 研究背景、動機................................................................4
1.2 研究目標...................................................................5
1.3 研究貢獻...................................................................5
1.4 論文結構...................................................................5
第二章 相關研究與技術背景.........................................................6
2.1 安全多方計算研究背景.......................................................6
2.2 安全多方計算協定介紹與比較.................................................7
2.2.1 計算上安全的多方計算協定...............................................7
2.2.2 資訊理論上安全的多方計算協定...........................................8
第三章 系統架構..................................................................11
3.1 加法分持計算系統介紹......................................................11
3.2 加法分持系統執行範例......................................................15
3.2.1 百萬富翁問題..........................................................15
3.2.2 安全計算多人資產總和..................................................18
3.2.3
保障隱私的權重投票...................................................21
3.2.4 健保局與疾管局合作之登革熱研究........................................23
第四章 安全會議時間排程..........................................................27
4.1 使用情境..................................................................27
4.2 和其他排程網站的差異......................................................29
4.3 安全會議時間排程演算法....................................................29
第五章 成果與討論................................................................33
5.1 實作環境與成果............................................................33
5.2 適合用加法分持計算系統解決的問題..........................................33
第六章 結論......................................................................37
6.1 本研究貢獻................................................................37
6.2 未來研究..................................................................37
6.2.1 乘法分持..............................................................37
6.2.2 浮點數運算............................................................38
6.2.3 更複雜的計算步驟......................................................39
6.2.4 平行化的計算..........................................................40
附錄.............................................................................43
一、加法分持計算系統的範例....................................................43
1. 加法分持計算系統 — 兩方資料加總.........................................43
2. 加法分持計算系統 — 三方資料加總.........................................44
3. 加法分持計算系統 — 減法.................................................45
4. 加法分持計算系統 — 權重計算.............................................46
5. 加法分持計算系統 — And 邏輯運算 ........................................47
6. 加法分持計算系統 — Or 邏輯運算..........................................48
7. 加法分持計算系統 — XOR 邏輯運算.........................................49
二、實驗工具資訊..............................................................50
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