本文從〞個人價值與公共權威之關係〞這一角度以研究洛克的政治思想，貫穿全文的一項主要假設是：
〞洛克政治思想的主旨在於針對個人價值與公共權威之間的關係，作一合理而有效的安排，使個人價值得到充份保障，而不致妨礙公共權威之運作，在維持一有效的公共權威之同時，亦不致侵犯了個人的基本價值。〞
從這一主要假設，演繹下十項之次要假設，作為每一章之研究重點：
第一章之重點在指出洛克政治思想的基礎是理性的自然法。
第二章之重點有三：一是指出自然狀態槪念在洛克政治思想中有其特殊的作用與意義，而易為一般學者所忽視；二是指出洛克的個人自由乃以他人之自由為條件；三是澄清財產權之基礎―勞動價值說之理論根據。
第三章之重點有三：一是指出自然狀態與政治社會兩槪念間之關系，比較洛克與Hobbes在這一問題的說明上之差異與意義：二是研究個人主義與集體主義在洛克政治思想中是否衝突的問題；三是澄清同意論的重要性，其困難及解決辦法。
第四章之重點有二：一是澄清洛克實際上主張對政府分為二權而非三權；二是証明革命權在洛克來說是一種自然權利而非政治權利。
第五章之重點則在說明洛克政治思想之本質實際上為一種道德的應然陳述，目的在設計一種人人皆得自保的政治社會。

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