隨著生成式人工智慧（Generative Artificial Intelligence, Generative AI）快速發展，教師開始將其應用於教材設計、教案撰寫、教學活動規劃及評量設計等備課工作。然而，不同教師之背景條件、人工智慧使用經驗及相關影響因素，可能影響其運用生成式人工智慧備課之情形及教師效能感。因此，本研究以臺中市國民小學教師為研究對象，採問卷調查法蒐集資料，共回收267份有效問卷，並以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Pearson積差相關及多元迴歸分析等方法進行資料分析。
研究結果顯示：（一）國小教師普遍已開始運用生成式人工智慧協助備課，其中以ChatGPT為最常使用之工具，主要應用於教材設計、教案撰寫及教學活動發想；（二）不同年齡及教學年資教師於生成式人工智慧使用程度具有顯著差異，而性別、學歷、職務及學校規模則未達顯著差異；（三）生成式人工智慧使用頻率及學習方式對使用程度具有顯著影響；（四）資源投入、行政支持、教師信念與態度及教師AI能力等因素皆與生成式人工智慧使用程度呈顯著正相關，其中以教師AI能力及教師信念與態度具有較佳之預測力；（五）生成式人工智慧使用程度愈高，教師知覺之備課成效愈佳，而備課成效愈佳者，其教師效能感亦愈高。
綜合而言，生成式人工智慧已逐漸成為國小教師重要的備課輔助工具，不僅有助於提升備課效率與教學品質，亦有助於提升教師效能感。本研究結果可作為國小教師運用生成式人工智慧備課之參考，並提供未來相關研究之參考依據。

With the rapid development of Generative Artificial Intelligence (Generative AI), elementary school teachers have increasingly adopted AI tools for lesson preparation. However, teachers' backgrounds, AI experience, and technology-related factors may influence their use of Generative AI and teaching efficacy. This study investigated the use of Generative AI in lesson preparation among elementary school teachers in Taichung City, Taiwan.
A questionnaire survey was conducted, and 267 valid responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis.
The results showed that: (1) ChatGPT was the most frequently used tool, mainly for instructional material design, lesson planning, and teaching activity development; (2) significant differences in Generative AI use were found across age groups and teaching experience, but not gender, educational background, job position, or school size; (3) the frequency of AI use and learning approaches significantly affected teachers' level of Generative AI use; (4) resource investment, administrative support, teachers' beliefs and attitudes, and AI competence were positively associated with Generative AI use, with AI competence and teachers' beliefs and attitudes showing the strongest predictive effects; and (5) greater use of Generative AI was associated with higher lesson preparation effectiveness, which in turn enhanced teachers' teaching efficacy.
Overall, Generative AI has become an important tool for lesson preparation. The findings provide a useful reference for elementary school teachers integrating Generative AI into lesson preparation and for future related research.

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