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研究生： 米愛蓮
Elaine Miranda
論文名稱： 尼加拉瓜的財務素養
Financial Literacy in Nicaragua
指導教授： 蔡政憲
Jason Tsai
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 商學院 - 國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA)
International MBA Program College of Commerce(IMBA)
論文出版年： 2013
畢業學年度： 101
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 50
中文關鍵詞： 尼加拉瓜 、財務素養
外文關鍵詞： Nicaragua, Financial Literacy
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    • Financial literacy is the ability to understand how money works, it refers to the set of skills and knowledge that allows an individual to make informed and effective decisions with all of their financial resources. Raising financial literacy levels is a major concern around the world, because it affects how people save, spend, and invest, as well as their ability to create and grow income.
    However, Nicaragua is far behind. I started working under the assumption that financial literacy levels in Nicaragua were very low, because of a series of factors. Among them, the macro and micro economic conditions –including poverty level and education-, the unawareness from the government of the importance of financial literacy in people’s lives, the lack of financial advisors nationwide, etc.
    To prove my theory, I decided to do a 25 question, online survey in Nicaragua. During a one week period, 343 people from all age ranges answered it and provided me with insights that allowed me to analyze their financial health, as well as their relationship with money. The three main objectives I was looking to accomplish with the survey were: to determine the current situation of financial literacy in Nicaragua, to evaluate the market’s needs regarding personal finance, and to assess the potential market for a personal finance in advisor.
    After reviewing the particular socio-economic conditions of the country, I guide you through the questionnaire Nicaraguans had to answer, and provide results and analysis based on them. The lack of financial culture in the country is evident from the beginning till the end of the questionnaire, but the results offer a starting point to increase financial literacy levels.
    Some of the main conclusions delivered by this analysis are that people tend to overestimate their financial knowledge and rate their performance and actions better than they actually are, and that most of them are eager to learn about personal finance and lead a healthier financial life.

    1. Introduction 1
    2. Nicaragua 3
    2.1. General 3
    2.2. Population 4
    2.2.1. Age distribution 4
    2.2.2. Demographic Bonus 4
    2.2.3. Education 5
    2.3. Economy 6
    2.3.1. Poverty 7
    2.4. Nicaragua and Personal Finance 8
    3. Design of Questionnaire 10
    3.1. Survey 11
    4. Results and Analysis 17
    4.1. Part 1: Demographic Data 17
    4.2. Part 2: Self-assessment 19
    4.3. Part 3: Financial Performance 25
    4.4. Part 4: Financial Help 32
    4.5. Cross-Analysis 37
    4.5.1. Age 26-35 39
    4.5.2. Age 36-45 40
    4.5.3. Employed vs. Own Business and Freelancers 41
    4.6. Survey Conclusions 42
    5. Market Potential 46
    5.1. Personal Finance Advice 46
    5.2. Improving Financial Literacy 47
    6. References 49

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