本研究旨在探討數位時代中「外國訊息操弄及干擾」（Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference, FIMI）對歐盟（European Union, EU）規範性權力（Normative Power）所帶來之挑戰，並以匈牙利作為個案研究。隨著資訊科技的發展與社群媒體滲透政治與社會生活，外部行為者透過虛假訊息、認知操弄及演算法控制，對歐盟的民主制度、輿論空間與價值體系產生深遠影響。本文以建構主義為理論基礎，強調規範、認同與話語如何構成歐盟政治共同體的核心，並運用次級資料分析與個案研究法，檢視匈牙利在面對 FIMI 現象時的政策反應與歐盟整體應對措施。
研究發現，匈牙利政府在處理 FIMI 問題上呈現出選擇性合作與政治化傾向。其國內媒體環境高度集中於政府控制之下，為外部訊息滲透提供了結構性機會。此現象不僅削弱歐盟的規範性權力，也使歐盟內部的民主與法治價值面臨挑戰。FIMI 所造成的影響主要體現在三個層面：其一，破壞資訊環境的真實性與公共信任；其二，動搖歐盟民主敘事與共同價值的正當性；其三，削弱歐盟作為「規範性權力」之國際形象與內部凝聚力。
歐盟雖已建立《反虛假訊息行動計畫》（Action Plan against Disinformation）及《數位服務法》（Digital Services Act）等制度性回應，但受限於會員國主權與政治意願差異，執行效果有限。研究結論指出，歐盟唯有在防範資訊干預與維護言論自由間取得平衡，強化跨國合作、媒體素養與數位治理能力，方能維繫其規範性權力與民主韌性。本研究除對 FIMI 現象提供理論化分析外，亦揭示歐盟在數位時代中，面對內外敘事挑戰與價值分裂時所展現的制度張力與未來治理方向。

This study examines the challenges posed by Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference (FIMI) to the European Union’s (EU) normative power in the digital era, using Hungary as a case study. With the rapid development of information technology and the pervasive influence of social media on political and social life, external actors have increasingly employed disinformation, cognitive manipulation, and algorithmic control to disrupt democratic institutions, public discourse, and value systems within the EU. Drawing upon constructivist theory, this research emphasizes how norms, identity, and discourse constitute the foundation of the EU’s political community. It adopts secondary data analysis and a case study approach to investigate Hungary’s policy responses to FIMI and the EU’s broader strategies in countering such interference.
The findings reveal that Hungary’s government exhibits selective cooperation and politicized responses toward FIMI, with a highly centralized and state-influenced media environment that provides structural opportunities for foreign information infiltration. This dynamic not only undermines the EU’s normative power but also challenges the legitimacy of its democratic and rule-of-law principles. The study identifies three key dimensions of FIMI’s impact: first, the erosion of information integrity and public trust; second, the destabilization of democratic narratives and shared values; and third, the weakening of the EU’s identity as a “normative power” and its internal cohesion.
Although the EU has established frameworks such as the Action Plan against Disinformation and the Digital Services Act, their implementation remains constrained by divergent national sovereignties and political wills. The study concludes that the EU must balance the protection of free expression with robust defenses against information manipulation by strengthening cross-border cooperation, media literacy, and digital governance capacity. In doing so, it can preserve its normative legitimacy and democratic resilience in the face of evolving digital threats.

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