Neill(1977) 發現 Stroop 色字干擾作業中前一嘗試 (S1) 的干擾字和

後一嘗試 (S2) 的顏色反應相同時，會對後一嘗試的正確反應形成干擾項

－抑制效果。 本研究以 Neill(1977) 的連續嘗試叫色作業，探討 S2 刺

激類型與 S1 反應至 S2 刺激呈現時距 (RSI) 對干擾項－抑制效果的影

響，並說明簡單抑制論 Neill (1977) 、反應抑制論 Tipper(1985) 及編

碼調適論 Lowe(1985) 的適切性。實驗一探討不同 S2 刺激類型產生的影

響，結果合諧字並沒有任何抑制或促進的效果，符號非字和不合諧字得到

干擾項－抑制效果，皆符合簡單抑制論的預測，反應抑制論也能以策略的

因素來解釋實驗一的結果，而編碼調適論不易解釋合諧字的結果。實驗二

探討色條在不同 RSI 產生效果的變化情形，發現色條在短 RSI 產生很少

的促進影響， 在 RSI 較長的情境中色條皆產生干擾項－抑制效果，較為

支持簡單抑制論的假設，反應抑論和編碼調適論則無法解釋色條在長 RSI

產生的干擾項－抑制效果。因此在連續嘗試的 Stroop 叫色作業中， S2

刺激類型及 RSI 對干擾項－抑制效果產生的影響， 簡單抑制論能直接預

測與解釋， 反應抑制論及編碼調適論對色條在長 RSI 的干擾項－抑制效

果則不易解釋。

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