Systems analysis of sensitivity helps a decision maker to identify and
select a preferred course of action among several feasible alternatives.
In this study, important water quality parameters were clearly evaluated,
and the following sensitivity expressions were systematically derived and
analyzed:(a) sensitivities of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and the
dissolved oxygen (DO) deficit to the deoxygenation coefficient; (b)
sensitivity of the DO defi-cit to the nitrification coefficient; (c)
sensitivities of the DO deficit to the photosynthesis rate and the bottom
deposit uptake rate; (d) sensitivity of the DO deficit to the reaeration
coefficient; and (e) sensitivities of the BOD and the DO deficit to the
longitudinal dispersion coef-ficient. The practical applications of the
sensitivity ex-pressions to both tidal and non-tidal streams were
scienti-fically illustrated. Non-tidal streams were classified into three
types. The characteristics and the water quality parameter ranges for each
type of receiving streams were testified. The sig-nificance of water
quality parameters on five streams in Taivan was numerically examined.
Development and application of deterministic water quality models to
solving organic waste assimilative capac-ity of Kao-Ping Chi (Stream) were
presented in this study. The characteristic parameters of water quality
models iden-tified by a new moment method included the reaeration
coef-ficient (K2), the coefficient of BOD settling rate and other
variables (K3), the longitudinal dispersion coefficient, the rate of BOD
addition to the overlying water from the bottom deposits as well as the
local run-off, and the oxygen prod-used in modeling the water quality
parameters of both tidal and non-tidal streams under steady state
conditions. A field survey in investigating the stream velocity, the
downstream distance, the stream water temperature, the BOD and DO of
stream water at each sampling station, and the BOD reaction rate (K1) is
required. It was demonstrated that the observ-ed BOD and DO values are in
excellent agreement with the BOD and DO values predicted by the
mathematical models develop-ed in this study.
在數個可行之方案中，敏感度分析可供決策者選擇最佳方案。在本文中，將水質模式
中各重要之參數，做一有系統之研究，並推導下列下水質對參數之敏感度公式：?生
化需氧量（Bioc-hemical Oxygen Demand, BOD ）暨缺氧量（Dissolved Ox-ygen
Deficit ）對祛氧係數（Deoxygenation Coefficient ）的敏感度；?缺氧量對硝化
係數（Nitrification Coefficient ）之敏感度；?缺氧量對光合作用率（
Photosynthesis Rate ）及底淤泥攝氧率（Bottom Deposit Uptake Rate ）之敏感
度；?缺氧量對再曝氣係數（Reaeration ）之敏感度；?生化需氧量和缺氧量對延
散係數（Longitudinal Dispersion Coefficient）之敏感度。將誘導出之公式，應
用於天然河川。根據河川之水力特性及污染情況，將感潮河川分成三類，非感潮河川
分成九類；依各類河川之水質及參數值之範圍，代入敏感度之公式，以研究各類河川
之水質對各參數的敏感度及重要性。文中並將台灣已做過調查之五條河川分類，以確
定各參數之重要性。
對於模式參數之推求，本文首先闡述各種傳統的測定法，並以高屏溪之水質模式為例
，發展至河川涵容能力的推求；其後闡述系統鑑定法（Systematic Identification
），發展出新動差法（New Moment Method ），鑑定出水質模式之再曝氣係數，BOD
沈澱係數（BOD Settling Rate）、延散係數、光合作用率以及底淤泥沖刷與區域徑
流加入率（P）。並以淡水河為例，求得精確之結果。新動差法並可應用於其他定常
（Steady States）水質模式。