論文提要

本研究的主要目的有二：一為探討我國女性教育主管的人格特質及領導方式，與男性教育主管和男、女非教育主管人員之間，是否有顯著性的差異。二為探討女性教育主管的人格特質與人口變項，聯合預測領導方式，何者貢獻最大。

本研究以台北市、高雄市及台灣省各縣市所屬的國民中、小學為範圍，以校長、主任和老師為對象。每個樣本同時施予「工作與家庭取向量表」、「李氏性別特質問卷」、「武斷量表短題本」、「婚姻與性態度量表」及「領導行為描述問卷短題本」等五種量表，收回的問卷經剔除廢卷後，計有1326人，男性729人，女性527人。

統計方法採用單因子變異數分析，分階多元廻歸和X²考驗。單因子變異數分析，以不同職級的男女教育人員為自變項，人格特質及領導方式等11.個因素為因變項，分別進行11.次N不等變異數分析，X²則考驗六組受試者，在性別角色四種性別特質類型上是否有顯著的關係。分階多元廻歸以領導方式的「重人」和「重事」兩個因素為效標，人格特質和人口變項等18.個因素為預測變項。

研究結果發現：1.女性教育主管的人格特質及領導方式，與男性教育主管之間，皆無顯著的差異；與非教育主管人員大多數因素之間的差異達顯著水準。2.女性教育主管的人格特質及領導方式，大部分與最近研究的趨勢相符合；其中僅有武斷性格的研究結果，與國外的研究大相逕庭，但與國內有關的研究則相符合。3.在廻歸分析上，人格特質與人口變項等十八個因素，皆有八個因素對領導方式的「重人」和「重事」有顯著的預測功能。

因此，本研究建議：1我國女性教育主管最好具有低武斷的人格特質。2.教育行政當局提供女性更多參與行政工作的機會與訓練；並給予女性教育主管適時的支持與鼓勵。

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