論文提要

本研究乃是以民國六十九年增額中央民意代表選舉為例，探討我國報紙的議題設定功能。本研究的目的有三：(一)探討我國報紙在選舉過程中是否具有議題設定效果。(二)擴展議題設定效果的研究，將有關論題的資訊分為三個由淺入深的層次，在此三個層次上探討報紙的議題設定效果。(三)探討報紙議題設定效果是否因個人背景、興趣及傳播行為的不同而有差異，並進而追溯各變項之間的關聯。

基於上述三個研究目的，本研究共提出二十項研究假設。在研究方法上，本研究同時採用問卷調查與內容分析兩種方法。問卷調查以台北市木柵區選民為訪問對象，旨在獲悉選民對各項政見的認知情況；內容分析以中央日報、聯合報、中國時報三報為分析對象，藉以瞭解報紙對政見報導與強調的趨向。然後運用「斯皮爾曼等級相關」檢驗報紙議題與選民議題的相關程度，以進行各項假設之考驗。

結果發現：(一)我國報紙於選舉過程中，對選民確實具有議題設定效果；即報紙報導愈多的政見，選民也知曉愈多，報紙愈強調的政見，選民也認為愈重要。(二)在三個由淺入深的知曉層次上，報紙均具有議題設定效果；顯示報紙對選民認知的影響，不僅止於對論題名稱的知覺，並進而影響及選民對與論題有關之深入內容的知悉程度。(三)在八項個人因素中，教育、職業與報紙使用程度三因素，和報紙議題設定效果的大小有關聯；年齡、興趣與非媒介通道使用程度三因素，和報紙議題設定效果有部分關聯；而性別、黨藉二因素則與報紙議題設定效果沒有關聯。至於教育與興趣二因素之比較，在知曉層次上，教育對選民是否受報紙議題設定影響有較大的關聯；在顯著層次上，則是興趣扮演較重要的角色。

參考書目

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