這篇論文的研究目的是，以「犯罪新聞」的研究為例，探討英國文化研究

代表人物Stuard Hall 的「主控意識型態理論」理論的詳細淵源與脈絡，

並根據Stuard Hall 的理論架構，針對國內電視日常性的犯罪報導作實例

的分析研究。在理論部份，本研究檢視二個典範觀點下三個研究取向的理

論，分別是多元主義觀點下的客觀性研究傳統與媒介現實建構理論，以及

承襲馬克斯主義架構下英國文化研究學者Hall的主控意識型態理論。除了

探討犯罪新聞的相關文獻以外，也對理論的基本假設和觀念架構作深入的

分析與評論。在研究方法上，本研究以符號學分析法表意三個層次的分析

為架構，分別是文本外延意義的分析、文本內涵意義的分析及意識型態的

解讀。分析的樣本是三家電視台八十二年三月十二日至廿五日晚間新聞的

日常性犯罪新聞報導，包括影部的畫面分析及音部語言的敘事分析。分析

的結果顯示﹕在文本外延意義上，犯罪新聞的敘事結構是以社會平衡遭受

破壞開始，而終於犯罪者被逮捕，社會恢復平衡，中心情節則是歹徒的行

動及警方的補救反應﹔而在影部的呈現，犯罪新聞的畫面是在有限的組合

要素中，作檢選與組合的工作，並依語言的規則排列敘事。在內涵意義的

分析上，犯罪新聞所隱涵的社會文化意義是透過警方╱犯罪者兩元對立的

關係，構連出社會之內╱社會之外、正╱邪、及道德╱罪惡的文化迷思，

以譴責非法，同時認可社會集體的道德與秩序的完整。然而，這樣的文本

論述是意識型態權力表意的結果，因為文本最後強調的是法律與秩序的不

可侵犯性，以及社會控制機構與社會權威的合理性和合法性，以維繫社會

的基本權力結構和規則，至於犯罪者所處社會結構的位置及權力壓制的歷

史結構因素則被加以隱藏或排除，以系統性的傾向複製社會中既有的意識

型態，同時也複製了既有的主控結構。

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