隨著中國內部政治高壓與經濟結構轉型，近年催生了大規模的資本與人口外流，而日本因地理鄰近與制度相對開放，成為這股「潤潮」最主要的目的地之一。在國際與區域局勢變遷的同時，中資與中國移民仍持續大量地進入日本。根據官方最新統計，在日中國籍居民已逾90萬名，高居外籍族群之首。中國資本的大舉進駐、高淨值人口的移出趨勢，以及日本部分既有法制的開放性，皆為導致日本境內中國資本與移民規模持續擴大的主因。
然而，資本與移民人數的擴大，正交織演變為對日本國家安全的複合式威脅。這些商業與社會行為在地理、技術與政治層面上，已逐漸超越傳統民間交流的範疇，引發日本社會對「中國化」與技術外流的嚴峻國安憂慮。為因應此一新興挑戰，日本政府近年雖加速推動法制調整及收緊移民審查等手段，全面提升制度防禦意識。
本論文以日本內部之中國資本與移民作為研究對象，以銳實力與非傳統安全為核心分析框架探討這股以合法性包裝為特徵的資本與人口移動，如何對日本國家安全造成衝擊，並進一步檢視日本既有制度回應之成效與治理侷限。

Driven by intensifying domestic political pressure and structural economic transformation within China, a large-scale outflow of capital and population has emerged in recent years. Due to its geographical proximity and relatively open institutional framework, Japan has become one of the primary destinations for this "Run" (Runxue) phenomenon. Amid shifts in international and regional dynamics, Chinese capital and immigrants continue to pour into Japan in massive numbers. According to the latest official statistics, the number of registered Chinese residents in Japan has surpassed 900,000, ranking highest among all foreign groups. The aggressive influx of Chinese capital, the exodus of high-net-worth individuals, and the openness of certain existing Japanese legal frameworks serve as the primary drivers behind the continuous expansion of Chinese capital and immigration within Japan.
However, the expansion of capital and immigration is increasingly intertwining into a complex, multifaceted threat to Japan’s national security. At the geographical, technological, and political levels, these commercial and social activities have gradually transcended the boundaries of traditional civil exchanges, triggering severe national security anxieties within Japanese society regarding "Sinicization" and technology leakage. In response to this emerging challenge, the Japanese government has accelerated legal adjustments and tightened immigration screening in recent years, comprehensively raising institutional defense awareness.
Focusing on Chinese capital and immigrants within Japan, this thesis utilizes "sharp power" and "non-traditional security" as its core analytical frameworks. It explores how this movement of capital and population—characterized by its veneer of legality—impacts Japan’s national security, and further examines the effectiveness and governance limitations of Japan’s existing institutional responses.

一、 中文部分
（一） 專書譯著
Joseph S. Nye著，林添貴譯，2015年。《美國世界的終結？》 (Is the American Century Over ?)。臺北：麥田出版社。
（二） 期刊論文
吳建忠、彭思舟，2011/7。〈馮京當馬涼？論國際話語權與中國大陸拓展國際話語權的新思路〉，《展望與探索》，第9卷第7期，頁74-89。
張淳美著，2018/12。〈澳大利亞修訂國安法反制中共銳實力影響〉，《展望與探索》，第16卷第12期，頁136-148。
劉姝廷，2021/10。〈為何習近平要求「講好中國故事」？中國的媒體與宣傳策略──《紅色滲透》書評〉，《新聞學研究》，第149期，頁205-212。
蘇俊斌，2023。〈日本之外國人參與政治活動與居留的權利〉，《全球政治評論》，第84期，頁107-127。
（三） 研討會論文
吳英明、許文英，2001/9/14。〈非政府組織（NGOs）在人類安全中的角色－多軌外交與全球民主安全〉，「人類安全與21世紀的兩岸關係」研討會。台北：台灣綜合研究院戰略與國際研究所。頁96。
孫本初，2005/5/24。〈如何寫好一篇優質的碩博士論文〉，「撰寫碩博士論文與投稿學術期刊」論壇。台北：台北大學主辦。
鄭又平，2006/2/21。〈全球化與國際移民：國家安全角度的分析〉，「政府再造與憲政改革系列研討會 全球化之下的人權保障與人才共享」研討會。臺北：國立臺北大學公共行政暨政策學系。
（四） 網際網路
小城故事多，2025/2/10。〈具有中國特色的「潤學」─富豪、企業家與學術人才的移民潮〉，《風傳媒》，<https://www.storm.mg/article/5320664>
李哲全，2023/5/26。〈中國新版《反間諜法》的國安理路與風險〉，《國防安全雙周報第80期》，< https://indsr.org.tw/respubcationmenus?uid=12&resid=1961>
林翠儀，2025/8/13。〈日本東大、京大4名校 留學生有6成是中國人〉，《自由時報》，< https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/breakingnews/5142280>
岳東卿，2020/7/29。〈中共利用中文媒體在加拿大推動大外宣的調查報告（一）〉，《大紀元》，<https://epochtimes.com/b5/20/7/29/n12290761.htm>
高佳煒、楊書菲，2026/2/5。〈中國稀土等關鍵礦物管制的發展脈絡與影響〉，《材料世界網》，< https://www.materialsnet.com.tw/DocView.aspx?id=56714>
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廖子杰，2026/3/18。〈日修法強化外資審查 防關鍵技術外〉，《青年日報》，<https://www.ydn.com.tw/tw/News/ugC_News_Detail.aspx?ID=630723>
蔡文英，2026/5/27。〈日「國家情報局」設立法參院過關 反對派轟恐不當侵害人權〉，《中時新聞網》，〈https://www.msn.com/zh-tw/news/world/日-國家情報局-設立法參院過關-反對派轟恐不當侵害人權/ar-AA24ahUF〉

二、 英文部分
（一） 專書
Christopher Walker ,Jessica Ludwig, 2017.Sharp power rising authoritarian influence .Washington D.C: National Endowment for Democracy.
Clive Hamilton,2018. Silent Invasion China’s Influence in Australia, Australia: Hardie Grant Books.
Diamond, Larry, Schell, Orville 2019. China's Influence and American Interests: Promoting Constructive Vigilance. California: Hoover Institution Press Publication.
David B. Dewitt, 1994.The Making of Security Community in Asia-Pacific ,Kuala Lumpur, Malasia: Institute of Strategic and International Security.
Lewis, Paul G., Ramakrishnan, S. Karthick,2005 Immigrants and Local Governance: The View from City Hall. San Francisco, CA：Public Policy Institute of California
Thomas G. Mahnken, Ross Babbage, Toshi Yoshihara, Countering Comprehensive Coercion: Competitive Strategies Against Authoritarian Political Warfare, Washington,D.C : Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments.
（二） 期刊論文
Christopher Walker, 2018.“What’s ‘sharp power’?” Journal of Democracy, Vol.29, No.3, p.13.
Chang, Chia-Chien and Yang ,Alan H.2020/3/4.” Weaponized Interdependence: China's Economic Statecraft and Social Penetration against Taiwan,” Orbis, Vol.64, No.2, pp. 312-333.
Emma Rothschild, 1995. “What Is Security?” Daedalus, Vol.124, No.3, p. 55.
Stephen M. Walt,1991. “The Renaissance of Security Studie,” International Studies Quarterly, Vol.35, No.2, p. 214.
（三） 智庫報告
Stewart, Devin, 2020.China’s Influence in Japan: Everywhere Yet Nowhere in Particular.Center for Strategic and International Studies, pp. 3-18.
（四） 學術期刊
Chubb, Andrew ,2022/3/21.“The Securitization of ‘Chinese Influence’ in Australia,”Journal of Contemporary China, Vol.32, No.139 ,pp. 17-34.
（五） 網際網路
Brettell, Caroline B,2020. “From Civic to Political Engagement: The Role of Associations and Organizations,” American Academy of Arts & Sciences, <https://www.amacad.org/publication/political-and-civic-engagement-immigrants/section/5 >
Edo Naito,2025/4/30. “Communist China’s quiet influence on Japanese politics”, the Japan times, <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/commentary/2025/04/30/japan/chinainfluence-ops-japan/>
Dongen, Els, 2022/12. “New Migrant Organisations and the Chinese Diaspora State(s) in the Twenty-first Century: The Case of Japan” ResearchGate. < https://www.researchgate.net/publication/366579403_New_Migrant_Organisations_and_the_Chinese_Diaspora_States_in_the_Twenty-first_Century_The_Case_of_Japan_Open_Access>
Farmer, Brit McCandless,2025/10/12, “How China could use U.S. farmland to attack America”, CBS News, < https://www.cbsnews.com/news/how-china-could-use-us-farmland-to-attack-america-60-minutes/>
Freshfields,2025/6. “Japan’s foreign investment regime gets sharper teeth: Are investors ready for the bite?”, Freshfields, <https://www.freshfields.com/globalassets/our-thinking/campaigns/fi-monitor/june-2025/fi-monitor-june-2025-issue-10.pdf>
Freshfields,2026/6. “Japan builds its CFIUS: Broader scope, deeper scrutiny,” Freshfields, <https://www.freshfields.com/en/our-thinking/campaigns/foreign-investment-monitor/japan-builds-its-cfius-broader-scope-deeper-scrutiny >
Ghaem-Maghami, Shervin and Kuuire, Vincent Z.” Immigrants Serving in Local Government: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Factors Affecting Candidacy and Election,” PubMed Central,
< https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9634336/>
Joseph S Nye,2018/1/8. “China’s soft and sharp power,” Project Syndicate, <https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/china-soft-and-sharp-power-by-joseph-s--nye-2018-01>
Joshi Ｍayur, 2024/6/23. “19 Land Parcels Near US Military Bases Pose National Security Threat”, Eftechtimes, < https://regtechtimes.com/chinas-land-acquisition-near-us-military-bases/>
Kelly, Tim ＆ Kubo, Nobuhiro,2015/12/17“Japan to Confront China With Island Defense”, Newsweek, <https://www.newsweek.com/japan-confront-china-island-defense-406756 >
Latham & Watkins, 2022/9/26. “New CFIUS Executive Order Outlines 5 Risk Factors” , Client Alert Commentary, <https://www.lw.com/admin/upload/SiteAttachments/Alert%203012%20v2.pdf>
Laurenceson, James,2025/4/10 “Alarmist nonsense: Labor and Coalition dismissed security risks over the Port of Darwin for years. What’s changed?”, The Conversation, <https://theconversation.com/alarmist-nonsense-labor-and-coalition-dismissed-security-risks-over-the-port-of-darwin-for-years-whats-changed-253941>
Liu, Hong ,2021/11/10.“The new Chinese diaspora in a globalising Singapore,”Melbourne Asia Review,< https://www.melbourneasiareview.edu.au/the-new-chinese-diaspora-in-a-globalising-singapore/>
Li, Yawei,2026/3/17. “Japan approves bill to set up intelligence body; move stirs up tensions in Asia-Pacific and fuels resurgence of Japanese militarism: Chinese expert” Globaltimes, < https://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/news/2026/intell-260313-globaltimes01.htm>
Masaya, Inoue,2022/6/7.“How China’s history of influence operations has affected Japan” Apinitinative. <https://apinitiative.org/en/2022/06/07/37501/ >
Ministry of Home Affairs, 2026/1/30.“Introduction to Foreign Interference (Countermeasures) Act (FICA) ,”Government of Singapore, < https://www.mha.gov.sg/what-we-do/foreign-interference/fica/>
Oyama, Takatoshi,2026/4/27. “Japan’s Intelligence Reform: Securitization, Oversight, and the Cost of Consensus,” The Diplomat,< https://thediplomat.com/2026/04/japans-intelligence-reform-securitization-oversight-and-the-cost-of-consensus/>
Osawa Oki, Takamura Mayuko,2026/2/4 “Navigating Japan’s Semiconductor M&A Landscape: Recent Trends and Practical Insights for Foreign Inv”, Chambers & Partners, <https://chambers.com/articles/navigating-japan-s-semiconductor-m-a-landscape-recent-trends-and-practical-insights-for-foreign-inv >
Pu,Richard, 2025/10/1 “Japan’s 2025 FEFTA Amendments: Rules and Implications with a Focus on Investments by Chinese Investors”, Lexology In-House View: China M&A
<https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=5e6022be-3f1e-40e0-9b3c-19834a4b4251>
Redden, Elizabeth, 2018/3/7.“Report: China Intensifying Oversight of U.S. Student Group”, Inside Higher Ed, <https://www.epochtimes.com/b5/26/1/13/n14675042.htm>
Safeguard Defenders,2022/12/4. “Patrol and Persuade 110 Overseas – China’s Transnational Policing Gone Wild” Safeguard Defenders,. < https://safeguarddefenders.com/en/blog/patrol-and-persuade-follow-110-overseas-investigation>
Sorial, Sarah ＆Morris, Shireen,2024/4/30. “‘Abject failure’: why Australia’s scheme to curb foreign influence doesn’t work and can’t be fixed” The Conversation,
<https://theconversation.com/abject-failure-why-australias-scheme-to-curb-foreign-influence-doesnt-work-and-cant-be-fixed-228292>
Shetler-Jones, Philip & Umehara, Masashi, 2026/6.“Re-Establishing Japan’s Intelligence Capability – ‘Spy Paradise’ lost ?” Rusi, < https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/re-establishing-japans-intelligence-capability-spy-paradise-lost>
Slane, Daniel M.2013/7, “The Impact of Shuanghui International Group’s Acquisition of Smithfield Foods”, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry United States Senate, <https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Testimony_Slane2013.pdf>
Takeda, Naoki,2025/12. “Foreign Influence in Japan: Lessons from the UK, US and Australia” Rusi, < https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/insights-papers/foreign-influence-japan-lessons-uk-us-and-australia>
Thompson, Elizabeth,2024/10/1. “CRTC to take a closer look at Chinese language media outlets, foreign interference inquiry hears”, CBC News, <https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/china-india-media-pressure-1.7339042>
Toh Ee Ming, 2024/2/27.“After decades touting openness, Singapore sees foreign meddling threat,”Aljazeera, <https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2024/2/27/after-decades-touting-openness-singapore-sees-foreign-meddling-threat>
Tom, Kip & Hood, Royce,2025/11/5, “China-Dominated U.S. Agricultural Sectors Are a National Security Threat”, Afpi, <https://www.americafirstpolicy.com/issues/china-dominated-u.s-agricultural-sectors-are-a-national-security-threat>
U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 2020/12/22, “Risks and Considerations for Businesses Using Data Services and Equipment from Firms Linked to the People’s Republic of China”, Homeland Security, < https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/20_1222_data-security-business-advisory.pdf>
Usami Jun, Hansen Nels, Asayama Shino, Hyuga Mizuki & Jackson Jonathon ,2025, “Foreign direct investment reviews 2025: Japan”,White&Case, <https://www.whitecase.com/insight-our-thinking/foreign-direct-investment-reviews-2025-japan>

三、 日文部分
（一） 專書
平野秀樹，2019. “日本はすでに侵略されている”。（日本：新潮社）。
勝丸円覚，2025. “《間諜鎖定的，究竟是日本的「什麼」？》”。（東京都：青春出版社。
（二） 期刊論文
東 裕, 2020.“「移民国家化」と主権をめぐる危機の諸相―憲法学の視点から―”,憲法研究,No.25 ,pp.73-95.
（三） 網際網路
大川 信太郎、東 陽介, 2019。“外為法改正－対内直接投資等に関する事前届出審査制度への影響”,Business Lawyer, <https://www.businesslawyers.jp/articles/671>
大野 ひろふみ,2025。“外国資本による土地取得と伊勢市の安全保障を考える”.選挙ドットコム. <https://go2senkyo.com/seijika/197348/posts/1206006>
小野太郎, 2025。“沖縄の無人島、中国系企業が半分購入「リゾート開発計画」村は困惑”,朝日新聞, < https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASR2H5STHR2HUTIL00K.html>
文藝春秋編集部, 2023。“中国「秘密警察」日本での設立と活動の証拠写真を入手”,文春オンライン.<https://bunshun.jp/articles/-/63294?page=3 >
古川有希、望月崇, 2024。”半導体装置各社で強まる中国依存、米規制で旧世代機需要が拡大”,Bloomberg, < https://www.bloomberg.com/jp/news/articles/2024-02-13/S85S8XT0G1KW00#gsc.tab=0>
古森義久,2022。“中国の偽装対日友好に注意を”,Japan In Depth,.< https://japan-indepth.jp/?p=67884>
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田宮寬之, 2025。”｢世界シェア7割｣を独占！東洋合成工業が握る半導体微細化の"生命線"”,東洋經濟.< https://toyokeizai.net/articles/-/913200?page=2>
安田峰俊, 2025。“習近平の「一言」がきっかけで、中国が沖縄を狙い始めた…！ 共産党「浸透工作」の実態を暴く”,週刊現代. <https://gendai.media/articles/-/142469?imp=0>
先生の通信簿, 2025。 ” 日本、フォトレジスト対中供給停止か 半導体素材の世界支配力浮き彫り”, 先生の通信簿,< https://politician.cafe/politician/26/activity/13491/>
池田 由香,2025。“トヨタ研究所や自衛隊駐屯地を射程か　中国系発電所が日本全国に点在”.日経ビジネス.< https://business.nikkei.com/atcl/gen/19/00742/050100006/>
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南 大祐、吉田 知史, 2026。”日本の半導体企業にとっての中国関連インテリジェンスの読み解き方”,PwC, < https://www.pwc.com/jp/ja/knowledge/column/geopolitical-risk-column/vol38.html>
神谷宗幣,2025。“「経営・管理」の在留資格を悪用した外国人移住の実態に関する質問主意書”,Sanseito,<https://sanseito.jp/news/n2276/>
昭島 聡,2025。“外国人でも簡単に｢日本の水｣を支配できる…全国各地で着々と進む｢中国人による森林買収｣の二大リスク ” .President Online. <https://president.jp/articles/-/103824>
島田 洋一, 2025。” 中国の半導体研究機関とわが国研究機関との提携に関する質問主意書”,衆議院, <https://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_shitsumon.nsf/html/shitsumon/a217120.htm>
馬奈木厳太郎, 2021。 “重要土地利用規制法”,imidas, <https://imidas.jp/newjijiword/?article_id=l-91-030-21-10-g864>
高橋洋一, 2025。“中国が敵国条項を持ち出した。アナタ死文化に賛成してますけど？”,髙橋洋一チャンネル. < http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFTrNFCzsR4 >
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湯之上隆, 2022。“実はシェアが急低下、危機の入り口に立つ日本の前工程装置産業,EE Times Japan, < https://eetimes.itmedia.co.jp/ee/articles/2207/11/news090_3.html>
週間ニュース分析,2023。 ”中国市場、減速するも稼ぐTEL、ニコン、米国は中国のRISC-Vを警戒”,Semiconportal,
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黃信維,2025。“外国人の日本国籍取得要件を厳格化へ政府、帰化の居住年数を「5年から原則10年以上」に引き上げ検討”,風傳媒, <https://japan.storm.mg/articles/1089751>
稻村 悠,2023。“中国による合法的な技術獲得の実例とは”, 日本カウンターインテリジェンス協会 , < https://www.japancia.com/post/column3>
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EnergyShift編集部，2021。“親族企業と中国との関係めぐり、河野大臣のエネルギー政策に懸念浮上 我々が見るべき論点とは”, EnergyShift編集部,.< https://energy-shift.com/news/c62bb23d-a6e7-4e1f-bce2-b9273182220d?page=3 >
Human Rights Watch, 2025。“日本：中国当局が海外にいる政権批判者に対して嫌がらせ”, Human Rights Watch. <http://www.hrw.org/ja/news/2024/10/09/japan-chinese-authorities-harrass-critics-abroad >
Human Rights Watch, 2025。“新たなスパイ防止法は人権を尊重すべき”, Human Rights Watch. <https://www.hrw.org/ja/news/2025/12/09/new-japanese-espionage-law-would-need-to-respect-rights>
（四） 檔案資料
經濟產業省,〈経済安全保障の観点からの技術流出対策について〉,《令和7年度技術流出對策說明會資料》,編號02,頁2-31。