本研究探討小睡提升持續性注意力對中文閱讀表現與知覺廣度的效果。實驗共招募28位參與者，每位參與者皆參與短暫小睡約10分鐘的有小睡情境與持續清醒25分鐘的無小睡情境。小睡過程中以睡眠多項生理檢查記錄參與者小睡時間與狀況，在小睡與持續清醒的前後測量主觀嗜睡程度和持續性注意力作業的表現。參與者在有小睡與無小睡情境後進行中文句子閱讀的眼動實驗，實驗操弄句子的難易度，並採用移動視窗典範來估計閱讀的知覺廣度大小，以探討有無小睡的操弄對閱讀表現與知覺廣度的影響。
實驗結果顯示，在心理運動警覺性作業與主觀嗜睡程度，小睡皆未產生顯著增益效果，但後測的主觀嗜睡程度顯著低於前測。閲讀作業的結果顯示，在整體閱讀眼動指標上，有小睡情境的凝視次數較無小睡情境少；然而在與詞彙處理有關的眼動指標上，有小睡情境的首次凝視時間、凝視時間總和與總凝視時間反而較無小睡情境長。此外，閱讀簡單句時的知覺廣度在有小睡情境顯著大於無小睡情境，雖然在心理運動警覺性作業的持續性注意力表現未呈現出小睡的增益效果，但持續性注意力表現較好的參與者，在中文閱讀作業也有較佳的閱讀效率。根據結果推論，參與者在有小睡情境，會投入較多時間進行詞彙辨識處理，同時有較大的知覺廣度對周邊詞彙進行預先處理，減少重複凝視的需求，使整體凝視次數降低；參與者在無小睡情境，受限於注意力廣度的不足，以處理凝視點的詞彙為主，無法對視周邊詞彙進行預視處理，而有較多的凝視次數和較短的凝視時間。
整體而言，研究發現短暫小睡會影響中文閱讀表現，雖然操弄有無小睡對持續性注意力的影響未能在實驗中呈現，但參與者在有小睡情境有較大的知覺廣度，且在有小睡與無小睡情境呈現出不同的閱讀處理歷程，顯示短暫小睡能提升閱讀效率，且與注意力運作和閱讀所需的認知功能有密切關係。

This study investigated the effects of a brief nap on sustained attention, Chinese reading performance, and perceptual span. Twenty-eight participants were recruited for the experiment. Each participant completed two conditions: a nap condition involving approximately 10 minutes of sleep, and a wake condition involving 25 minutes of continuous wakefulness. Participants' sleep duration and status during the nap were verified via polysomnography. Subjective sleepiness and performance on a sustained attention task were measured before and after both the nap and wake conditions. Following these conditions, participants performed an eye-tracking experiment involving Chinese sentence reading. The experiment manipulated sentence difficulty and employed the moving-window paradigm to estimate the size of the perceptual span to explore the impact of napping on reading performance and perceptual span.
The results showed no significant improvements in psychomotor vigilance test or subjective sleepiness following the nap intervention. However, subjective sleepiness at post-test was significantly lower than at pre-test. Regarding the reading task, global eye movement indices showed that the nap condition resulted in fewer fixations compared to the wake condition. Nevertheless, for eye movement indices related to lexical processing, the nap condition exhibited longer first fixation duration, gaze duration, and total viewing time than the wake condition. Furthermore, the perceptual span for simple sentences was significantly larger in the nap condition. Although napping did not show an improvement in sustained attention in the psychomotor vigilance test, participants with better sustained attention performance exhibited higher reading efficiency in the Chinese reading task. Based on these results, it is inferred that in the nap condition, participants
invested more time in lexical identification and utilized a larger perceptual span for preprocessing peripheral words. This reduced the need for refixations and decreased the number of fixations. Conversely, in the wake condition, participants were constrained by a limited attentional span, focusing primarily on processing words at the fixation point and failed to perform preview processing on peripheral words. This led to more fixations and shorter fixation durations.
Overall, the findings demonstrate that a brief nap influences Chinese reading performance. Although the effect of napping on sustained attention was not observed in the experiment, participants in the nap condition exhibited a larger perceptual span and different reading processing patterns across the two conditions. These results suggest that a brief nap can facilitate reading efficiency and is closely associated with attention and the cognitive functions required for reading.

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