跳到主要內容

簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 程麗梅
Lady Johana Cuellar Munoz
論文名稱: 在哥倫比亞私立學校推行阿爾法學校模式和兩小時學習系統
Implementing the Alpha School Model and the 2hr Learning System in Colombia’s Private School Sector
指導教授: 林月雲
Lin, Carol Yeh-Yun
口試委員: 張朝清
Chang, Chao-Ching
許永明
Shiu, Yung-Ming
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 商學院 - 國際經營管理英語碩士學位學程(IMBA)
International MBA Program College of Commerce(IMBA)
論文出版年: 2025
畢業學年度: 113
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 121
中文關鍵詞: 兩小時學習模式Alpha School在地化調整哥倫比亞私立教育人工智慧驅動的個人化學習教育公平與創新卡利市試點實施
外文關鍵詞: 2-Hour Learning Model, Alpha School Adaptation, Private Education in Colombia, AI-Powered Personalized Learning, Educational Equity and Innovation, Pilot Implementation in Cali
相關次數: 點閱:144下載:6
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本商業計畫秉持教育創新的承諾,提出一項在哥倫比亞卡利市推動小學教育(K–5年級)轉型的策略。透過試行一個極具效率、以學生為中心的創新模式——Viva School,計畫針對學習落差與學生參與度低落等關鍵問題進行改善。整體策略聚焦於三大核心目標:

    在地化調整:將Alpha School已驗證的兩小時學習模式(2-Hour Learning Model)與哥倫比亞K–5課綱、文化與法規接軌,同時保留其高效率與個人化教學特色。

    試點實施:為Viva School設計一項完整試辦方案,涵蓋學校營運、人力創新、整合式課程設計、利害關係人參與及法規遵循。此模式亦導入人工智慧驅動的個人化學習技術,以優化教學效果。

    永續資金:建立一套以可負擔學費(每月美金200元)為基礎的財務模型,使學校在初期得以自主運作。預估在第二年、達到90名學生時即可損益兩平。計畫亦考慮未來爭取政府或國際機構資助,以強化永續性與擴展可及性。

    發現與願景:市場分析顯示,哥倫比亞的私立教育領域對創新、高效學習方案有強烈需求。家長渴望高品質、節省時間的替代選項,使Viva School具備競爭優勢。計畫也設計了成效追蹤機制,檢視學習成果、技能發展與家長滿意度。若試點成功,將驗證此模式可擴展性,未來可透過獎學金、低成本新校區或公私協力模式推廣至弱勢族群,擴大其社會影響力。本計畫最終描繪了一條通往教育公平與創新的可行道路。


    Driven by a commitment to educational innovation, this business plan outlines a strategy to transform primary education (K–5) in Cali, Colombia. It tackles critical issues like learning gaps and student disengagement by piloting a radically efficient, student-centered model called Viva School. The plan focuses on three core objectives:
    Contextual Adaptation: Align Alpha School’s proven 2-Hour Learning Model with Colombia’s K–5 curriculum, culture, and regulations—maintaining its high-efficiency, personalized approach while meeting local standards.
    Pilot Implementation: Design a detailed pilot for Viva School covering operations, innovative staffing, an integrated curriculum, stakeholder engagement, and regulatory compliance. The model incorporates AI-powered personalized learning technologies to optimize instruction.
    Sustainable Funding: Build a financial model based on affordable tuition (USD $200/month), enabling the school to operate independently in its early phase. Projections show break-even by year two with 90 students. Long-term support from government or international partners is considered to enhance sustainability and access.
    Findings & Vision: Market analysis confirms strong demand and a clear niche in private education in Colombia. Parents seek high-quality, time-efficient alternatives, giving Viva School a competitive edge. A monitoring framework will track academic gains, skills, and satisfaction. If successful, the pilot will validate a scalable model that could expand to underserved communities via scholarships, new sites, or public partnerships—amplifying its social impact. This plan ultimately charts a path toward educational equity and innovation in Colombia.

    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT III
    ABSTRACT IV
    TABLE OF CONTENTS V
    LIST OF FIGURES X
    LIST OF TABLES XI
    CHAPTER 1 1
    1. BACKGROUND 1
    1.1 Structural Challenges Impacting the Education in Colombia 1
    1.1.1 Learning poverty in Colombia 1
    1.1.2 Performance Gaps in the international Benchmarks Assessments 3
    1.1.3 Child and Adolescent Demographics and Well-being 4
    1.1.4 School Enrollment Rate in Colombia in Recent Years 4
    1.2 Business Plan Motivation and Purpose 5
    1.3 Why the 2-Hour Learning Model Can Work in Colombia? 6
    1.4 Why This Research Is Important? 7
    1.5 Colombia: Geographic and Demographic Context 8
    1.6 Colombia Socioeconomic Indicators 12
    1.6.1 Economic Trends and Challenges 13
    1.6.2 Productivity 13
    1.6.3 Sectoral Performance and Labor Market 14
    1.6.4 Wage Levels and Cost of Living 14
    1.6.5 Employment and Informality 16
    1.7 Colombia’s Educational System 17
    1.7.1 Description of Educational Levels 17
    CHAPTER 2 22
    2. THE SOLUTION: INTRODUCTION OF THE 2-HOUR LEARNING MODEL 22
    2.1 Origin of the Model 22
    2.1.1 An Entrepreneurial Mindset in Education 22
    2.2 The ALPHA and 2-Hour Learning Model Explanation 23
    2.2.1 The Rationale and Overview 23
    2.2.2 Structure and Student-Centered Design 23
    2.2.3 Role of Technology and Guides 24
    2.2.4 Mastery-Based, Personalized Learning 25
    2.2.5 Efficiency and Use of Time 26
    2.2.6 Outcomes and Evidence of Effectiveness 28
    2.2.7 Success rate of the 2-hour learning model 29
    CHAPTER 3 31
    3. COMPANY OVERVIEW 31
    3.1 Rationale for Focusing on the Private School Sector 31
    3.2 What is Viva School? 32
    3.3 Why Is This Pilot Focused Only on Kindergarten Through 5th Grade? 33
    3.4 Purpose and Alignment with 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 35
    3.5 Name, Slogan and Logo 36
    3.6 Mission 36
    3.7 Vision 37
    3.8 Objectives 37
    3.8.1 Short-term Objectives (1–3 years): 37
    3.8.2 Long-term Objectives (Beyond Year 3): 37
    3.9 Business Model Canvas: Viva School 38
    3.10 Legal Structure 40
    3.10.1 Business Entity Type 40
    3.10.2 Educational Compliance 40
    3.10.3 Other Legal Considerations 41
    3.11 Value Proposition: Viva School 41
    CHAPTER 4 43
    4. MARKET ANALYSIS 43
    4.1 Industry Overview: Private Education in Colombia 43
    4.2 Demand Trends and Enrollment 43
    4.3 Demographics and Economic Pressures on the Education in the Private Sector 45
    4.4 Opportunities for Growth 47
    4.5 Target Demographics: Buyer Personas for Viva School Pilot 48
    4.6 Competitor Analysis: Cali Education Landscape 49
    4.7 SWOT 51
    CHAPTER 5 52
    5. TEAM STRUCTURE AND JOB PROFILES 52
    5.1 Organizational Structure 52
    5.2 Staffing Plan 52
    5.3 Key Personnel & Responsibilities 53
    CHAPTER 6 55
    6. PILOT OPERATIONAL PLAN AND PROGRAM DESIGN 55
    6.1 Physical and technological requirements 55
    6.2 School Educational Project (Curriculum design and Alignment K-5) 56
    6.2.1 Viva School Daily Schedule 56
    6.2.2 Viva School Curriculum adapted to Colombian Regulations 59
    6.2.3 Viva School Academic Calendar (Colombian Calendar B Adaptation) 60
    6.2.4 Viva School's Afternoon Life Skills Workshops 66
    6.3 Regulatory Compliance Framework For Viva School 72
    6.4 Technological Infrastructure for Pilot Implementation 73
    6.5 Assessment Tools: Dual Assessment Strategy for the Pilot 74
    6.6 Hardware and Network Infrastructure 76
    CHAPTER 7 79
    7. PILOT PROGRAM STRUCTURE AND EVALUATION PLAN 79
    7.1 Pilot Scope (Grades and Enrollment) 79
    7.2 Duration 79
    7.3 Focus Areas for Assessing the Pilot’s Success 80
    7.4 Evaluation Metrics (Quantitative) 80
    7.5 Evaluation Metrics (Qualitative) 84
    7.5.1 Pilot Monitoring and Adjustment 85
    7.5.2 Success Criteria and Decision Points 85
    7.5.3 Realistic and Replicable Design 86
    7.5.4 Communication of Pilot Progress 87
    CHAPTER 8 89
    8. FINANCIAL PLAN 89
    8.1 Revenue Assumptions 89
    8.2 Capital Expenditures (CAPEX) 90
    8.3 Operational Expenditures (OPEX) 93
    8.4 Initial Investment 94
    8.5 Funding Sources 95
    8.6 Forecast 100
    8.7 Main Financial Considerations 101
    8.8 Sensitivity Analysis: Factors Influencing the Model’s Effectiveness 102
    CHAPTER 9 105
    9. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 105
    9.1 Conclusions 105
    9.2 Recommendations 108
    REFERENCES 110
    APPENDIX 120

    Alpha School. (n.d.). Locations. Alpha. https://alpha.school/locations/

    Alpha School. (n.d.). The program: Learn. Alpha. https://alpha.school/the-program/#learn

    Banco de la República. (n.d.). Impact of the pandemic on the Colombian education system. https://www.banrep.gov.co/en/blog/impact-pandemic-colombian-education-system

    BBVA Research. (2024, March). Colombia: The decline in birth rates: Social progress or future risk? https://www.bbvaresearch.com/en/publicaciones/colombia-the-decline-in-birth-rates-social-progress-or-future-risk/?comentar=true

    Bloom, B. S. (1984). The 2 sigma problem: The search for methods of group instruction as effective as one-to-one tutoring (Report No. 5.95). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. https://web.mit.edu/5.95/www/readings/bloom-two-sigma.pdf

    Bolívar Davivienda. (n.d.). Discover Cultivarte’s pedagogical activities. https://www.fundacionbolivardavivienda.org/actualidad/conoce-las-actividade-pedagogicas-de-cultivarte/#:~:text=Desarrolle%20su%20talento%20con%20Cultivarte,de%2080%20municipios%20del%20pa%C3%ADs

    British Council. (2023). Colombia’s Program: Green Code. https://www.britishcouncil.co/sistemas-educativos/colegios/colombia-programa

    Buitrago, L. S. (2024, October 16). Decline in school-age population in Colombia: How it is affected by the birth rate. Portafolio. https://www.portafolio.co/economia/regiones/disminucion-de-poblacion-escolar-en-colombia-asi-se-ve-afectada-por-tasa-de-natalidad-615560

    Cali Education Department. (2018). Education Department reviews the situation of private school closures. https://www.cali.gov.co/educacion/publicaciones/142687/secretaria-de-educacion-revisa-situacion-de-cierre-de-establecimientos-educativos-privados/?platform=hootsuite

    Cali Mayor’s Office. (2023). Digital education for all: Basic information about the project. https://www.cali.gov.co/educacion/publicaciones/109725/tit-educacion-digital-para-todos-informacion-basica-del-proyecto/

    Center for Resilient Children. (2014). A comprehensive review of assessment tools. https://centerforresilientchildren.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/1-Comprehensive-Review-of-Assessment-Tools.pdf

    City of Cali Secretary of Education. (2022, May 24). Educational institutions continue with the Cali Educa en Casa strategy. https://www.cali.gov.co/educacion/publicaciones/155303/instituciones-educativas-continuan-con-la-estrategia-cali-educa-en-casa/

    Colombian Institute for the Evaluation of Education (ICFES). (n.d.). ICFES. https://www.icfes.gov.co/

    Colegio Alemán de Cali. (n.d.). Home. https://www.dscali.edu.co/

    Colegio Bolívar. (n.d.). Institutional profile. https://www.colegiobolivar.edu.co/website/es/sobre-nosotros/perfil-institucional

    Colegio La Arboleda. (n.d.). Elementary School. https://laarboleda.edu.co/es/primaria/

    Congress of Colombia. (2008). Law 1258 of 2008: By which the Simplified Stock Company (S.A.S.) is created. Red Jurista. https://www.redjurista.com/Documents/ley_1258_de_2008_congreso_de_la_republica.aspx#/

    Corona Foundation. (n.d.). Support and strengthening of Enseña por Colombia. https://www.fundacioncorona.org/es/lo-que-hacemos/educacion-orientada-al-empleo/apoyo-y-fortalecimiento-de-ensena-por-colombia

    Civil Service Department (Public Function). (2012). Law 1581 of 2012: By means of which the Single Regulatory Decree of the Public Function Sector is issued. https://www.funcionpublica.gov.co/eva/gestornormativo/norma.php?i=49981

    DANE. (2025, March). Technical Bulletin: Great Integrated Household Survey (GEIH) – Informal Employment and Social Security. Moving quarter December 2024 – February 2025 (pp. 4–5). National Administrative Department of Statistics. https://www.dane.gov.co/files/operaciones/GEIH/bol-GEIHEISS-dic2024-feb2025.pdf

    Education Economics Laboratory - LEE. (2024). International Red Hand Day: Against the recruitment of children, adolescents, and youth. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. https://lee.javeriana.edu.co/w/noticias-conflicto-armado?redirect=%2Fnoticias

    El Espectador. (2023, October 27). There is learning poverty in Colombia. https://www.elespectador.com/educacion/hay-pobreza-de-aprendizaje-en-colombia/

    El Espectador. (2024, October). Fewer students and fewer schools in Colombia. https://www.elespectador.com/educacion/menos-estudiantes-y-menos-colegios-en-colombia/

    El Tiempo. (2023, September). There are fewer children and adolescents in the country, but their conditions do not seem to improve. https://www.eltiempo.com/colombia/cuantos-ninos-y-adolescentes-tiene-colombia-y-cual-es-su-situacion-804019

    Etch Interior Design. (n.d.). Alpha School – Commercial interior design. https://etchinteriordesign.com/portfolio/alpha-school-commercial-interior-design/

    ExE Foundation. (n.d.). Teach for Colombia. https://fundacionexe.org.co/

    Finca Raíz. (n.d.). House for rent in Ciudad Jardín, Cali. https://www.fincaraiz.com.co/casa-en-arriendo-en-ciudad-jardin-cali/191576611

    Glim. (2024, November 15). Cost of living and the minimum wage: A gap that presents challenges. https://getglim.com/blog-detail/costo-de-vida-y-salario-minimo-una-brecha-que-trae-desafios-2/copy

    GoingVC. (2024, January 2). A year in review: The state of venture capital in 2024. https://www.goingvc.com/post/a-year-in-review-the-state-of-venture-capital-in-2024#:~:text=Latin%20America%20emerged%20as%20a,tech%20ecosystem%20and%20investor%20interest

    Google for Education. (n.d.). Teaching with Chromebooks. https://edu.google.com/chromebooks/teaching-with-chromebooks/

    GT School. (n.d.). GT School. https://gt.school/?__hstc=129069907.154899ba86f4df0053c24d2af95a6f37.1747205249467.1748391524256.1748914538761.8&__hssc=129069907.3.1748914538761&__hsfp=54126220 5

    2 Hour Learning. (n.d.). 2 Hour Learning: Revolutionizing K-12 education in just 2 hours a day. https://2hourlearning.com/

    Harvard Business School. (n.d.). Pablo Gómez (Crepes & Waffles). Creating Emerging Markets. https://www.hbs.edu/creating-emerging-markets/interviews/Pages/profile.aspx?profile=pgomez#:~:text=G%C3%B3mez%20explains%20that%20he%20realized,although%20good%20educational%20training%20was

    Infobae. (2025, April 15). “Educational vouchers”: The government relaunches aid to pay private school tuition. https://www.infobae.com/educacion/2025/04/15/vouchers-educativos-el-gobierno-relanza-la-ayuda-para-pagar-las-cuotas-de-escuelas-privadas/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CVouchers%E2%80%9D%20educativos%3A%20el%20Gobierno%20relanza,asistan%20a%20escuelas%20privadas

    INEE. (2023, August). Sharing experiences in Colombia: Challenges and opportunities for access to quality educational options. https://inee.org/blog/sharing-experiences-colombia-challenges-and-opportunities-access-quality-educational-options

    Inter-American Development Bank. (2023, October 30). IDB and World Bank boost digital transformation in education in Latin America and the Caribbean. https://www.iadb.org/en/news/idb-and-world-bank-boost-digital-transformation-education-latin-america-and-caribbean#:~:text=October%2030%2C%202023,be%20beneficiaries%20in%2016%20countries

    Inter-American Development Bank. (2023, November 22). IDB approves $46 million to improve educational quality in Colombia. https://www.iadb.org/en/news/idb-approves-46-million-improve-educational-quality-colombia#:~:text=The%20new%20program%2C%20which%20will,of%20technical%20and%20technological%20education

    Inter-American Development Bank. (n.d.). Grants. https://www.iadb.org/en/how-we-can-work-together/public-sector/financing-solutions/grants

    Kidstudia. (2023, January 15). Colegio Alemán Cali | Reviews and Costs 2025. https://kidstudia.co/colegio/aleman/

    Kidstudia. (2024, July 15). Colegio Bolívar Cali | Reviews and Costs 2025. https://kidstudia.co/colegio/bolivar-cali/

    Kidstudia. (2024, April 29). Colegio La Arboleda | Reviews and Costs 2025. https://kidstudia.co/colegio/la-arboleda/ 2

    La República. (2024, December 24). In Colombia, 3 million people earn the minimum wage, which is 15% of the population. https://www.larepublica.co/economia/en-colombia-3-millones-de-personas-ganan-el-minimo-lo-que-es-15-de-la-poblacion-4028640

    La República. (2024, September 29). Two out of every ten school students in Colombia attend private schools. https://www.larepublica.co/economia/dos-de-cada-diez-estudiantes-escolares-en-colombia-estudian-en-colegios-privados-3964187Maps of India. (n.d.). Colombia map. https://www.mapsofindia.com/world-map/colombia/

    Ministry of Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation. (2025). Country profile: Colombia [PDF]. https://www.exteriores.gob.es/documents/fichaspais/colombia_ficha%20pais.pdf

    Ministry of National Education. (2018). Article 1 of the General Education Law, Law 115 of February 8, 1994. https://www.mineducacion.gov.co/1621/articles-85906_archivo_pdf.pdf

    Ministry of National Education. (2023, October 2). Ministry of Education sets tuition and educational cost increases for private schools in 2024. https://www.mineducacion.gov.co/portal/salaprensa/Comunicados/416950:Ministerio-de-Educacion-fija-incremento-de-matriculas-y-costos-educativos-en-colegios-privados-para-2024

    Ministry of National Education. (2022). Saber Tests. https://www.mineducacion.gov.co/portal/micrositios-preescolar-basica-y-media/Evaluacion/Evaluacion-de-estudiantes/397384:Pruebas-saber

    National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE). (2024, June 28). Formal Education (EDUC): 2023 Technical Bulletin. https://www.dane.gov.co/files/operaciones/EDUC/bol-EDUC-2023.pdf

    National Planning Department (DNP). (2015). Foundations of the National Development Plan 2015–2018. Bogotá, Colombia. https://www.dnp.gov.co/Plan-Nacional-deDesarrollo/Paginas/Que-es-el-Plan-Nacional-de-Desarrollo.aspx

    Net Promoter Network. (n.d.). Know NPS. https://www.netpromoter.com/know/

    NextGen Academy. (n.d.). NextGen Academy. https://nextgenacademy.school/?__hstc=129069907.154899ba86f4df0053c24d2af95a6f37.1747205249467.1748391524256.1748914538761.8&__hssc=129069907.5.1748914538761&__hsfp=541262205

    No Apto. (2024, August 21). Private education in Colombia: A right or a luxury? (Editorial by J. Vasquez). No Apto. https://noapto.co/la-educacion-privada-en-colombia-un-derecho-o-un-lujo/

    Numbeo. (2024). Cost of living in Cali. https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/in/Cali

    NWEA. (n.d.). MAP Spanish. https://www.nwea.org/the-map-suite/map-spanish/#:~:text=MAP%20Spanish%20,they%20can%20demonstrate%20in%20English

    OECD. (2014a). PISA 2012 results: What students know and can do (Volume I, revised edition, February 2014). OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/2014/02/pisa-2012-results-what-students-know-and-can-do-volume-i-revised-edition-february-2014_g1g3e8ef.html

    OECD. (2014b). PISA 2012 results: What students know and can do (Volume I, revised edition, February 2014): Student performance in mathematics, reading and science. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264208780-en

    OECD. (2016). Education in Colombia. Reviews of National Policies for Education. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264250604-en

    OECD & Ministry of National Education of Colombia. (2016). National education policy review: Education in Colombia. https://www.mineducacion.gov.co/1759/articles-356787_recurso_1.pdf

    Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2022). OECD Economic Surveys: Colombia 2022. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/04bf9377-en

    Pacific Alliance. (n.d.). Guía de Colombia. https://alianzapacifico.net/wp-content/uploads/Gu%C3%ADa-de-Colombia.pdf

    Phi Delta Kappan. (2014). Colombia: Educating the most disadvantaged students. https://kappanonline.org/colombia-educating-the-most-disadvantaged-students/

    Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. (2024). Report on the closure of private schools in Colombia 2024. https://www.javeriana.edu.co/recursosdb/5581483/11594517/INF-106-+Informe-Cierre-Colegios-2024-LEE.pdf

    Portafolio. (2024, December 26). Study reveals how much a Colombian must earn monthly to live comfortably. https://www.portafolio.co/economia/finanzas/estudio-revela-cuanto-debe-ganar-un-colombiano-por-mes-para-vivir-tranquilo-617122

    Price, M. [Alpha School]. (2023, August 28). Why Alpha School is the future of education [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qm6M7_TAVR0

    Radiónica. (2023, October 3). What’s happening with young people in Cali? https://www.radionica.rocks/analisis/que-pasa-con-los-jovenes-en-cali

    ResearchGate. (2024). Financial education in Colombia: Challenges from the perception of its population with socioeconomic vulnerability. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/359853702_Financial_education_in_Colombia_Challenges_from_the_perception_of_its_population_with_socioeconomic_vulnerability

    Santo Domingo Foundation. (n.d.). More Education, More Innovation Program. https://fundacionsantodomingo.org/noticias/programa-mas-educacion-mas-innovacion/#:~:text=Testimonios%20de%20aliados%20clave,familias%20y%20a%20toda%20la%20ciudad.%C2%BB

    Semana. (2014, May 12). Fundación Compartir propone ruta para mejorar educación en el país. https://www.semana.com/nacion/articulo/fundacion-compartir-propone-ruta-para-mejorar-educacion-en-el-pais/377284-3/#:~:text=j%C3%B3venes%20estudian%20de%20forma%20gratuita%2C,buenos%20y%20los%20malos%20estudiantes

    Sharing with Colombia Foundation. (n.d.). Sharing with Colombia Foundation. https://compartamos.org/

    Successful Collaborations. (n.d.). The Collaboration Rubric. https://www.successfulcollaborations.com.au/the-collaboration-rubric

    SurveyMonkey. (n.d.). Likert scale: What it is & how to use it. https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/likert-scale/

    Texas Sports Academy. (n.d.). Texas Sports Academy. https://sportsacademy.school/?__hstc=129069907.154899ba86f4df0053c24d2af95a6f37.1747205249467.1748391524256.1748914538761.8&__hssc=129069907.4.1748914538761&__hsfp=541262205

    UNESCO. (2022, May 10). Cali, Colombia welcomes the world’s most important forum on inclusion and equity in education. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/cali-colombia-welcomes-worlds-most-important-forum-inclusion-and-equity-education

    UNESCO. (n.d.). UNESCO International Literacy Prizes. https://www.unesco.org/en/prizes/literacy

    UNESCO Office of Santiago. (2015). Second results from the Third Regional Comparative and Explanatory Study (TERCE). Regional Bureau for Education in Latin America and the Caribbean. https://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/FIELD/Santiago/pdf/Cuadernillo2.pdf

    UNICEF. (2023). GIGA: Connecting every school to the internet. https://giga.global/

    UNICEF. (2023, March 13). UNICEF Innovation Fund: Investing in early-stage, open-source technology that addresses global challenges. https://www.unicef.org/innovation/stories/FUNDstartups13

    UNICEF. (n.d.). All children learn in Colombia. https://www.unicef.org/lac/en/all-children-learn-colombia#:~:text=We%20focus%20on%20promoting%20children%27s,remote%20and%20blended%20learning%20modalities

    United Nations. (n.d.). Sustainable Development Goals. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/

    United Way Colombia. (2021). Educathon for Colombia: United for digital education. https://www.noticiasrcn.com/colombia/asi-podra-donar-computadores-en-la-educaton-por-colombia-375210

    Valenta Academy. (n.d.). Valenta Academy. https://valenta.school/?__hstc=129069907.154899ba86f4df0053c24d2af95a6f37.1747205249467.1748391524256.1748914538761.8&__hssc=129069907.6.1748914538761&__hsfp=541262205

    VélezReyes+. (n.d.). Enseña por Colombia. https://velezreyesmas.com/en/ensena-colombia/

    Walmart. (n.d.). POCHAR 30-Tablet Chromebook Charging Station with Keypad and Key Locking Doors – Black. https://www.walmart.com/ip/POCHAR-30-Tablet-Chromebook-Charging-Station-with-Keypad-and-Key-Locking-Doors-Black/129904828?classType=REGULAR

    World Bank. (2020). Learning poverty: Measures and simulations. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/232501603286799234/pdf/Learning-Poverty-Measures-and-Simulations.pdf

    World Bank. (2022, August). Colombia Public Expenditure Review: Toward more efficient and equitable spending in Colombia (Report No. P177869). World Bank. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099045208112217335/pdf/P1778690e0bd810180aa9e00bd0d9869da9.pdf

    World Bank. (2023). Learning poverty in Colombia: Urgency and opportunities to improve learning for all (Report No. IDU1e1e2ab871939214aec1b0541a7670688cd52). https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099229306262386770/pdf/IDU1e1e2ab871939214aec1b0541a7670688cd52.pdf

    Yahoo News. (2023, August 15). Colombia has closed 750 private schools since 2020. https://es-us.noticias.yahoo.com/colombia-cerrado-750-colegios-privados-112932365.html

    QR CODE
    :::