家庭教育支出是提升子女人力資本與促進社會代間流動的核心驅動力，然而在當前不動產金融化的趨勢下，高昂的居住成本已成為制約家庭教育資源配置的關鍵外部財務壓力。 過去關於家庭教育支出的研究，多聚焦於家庭所得、家長教育程度等家戶特徵統計變項，鮮少將外部居住環境之住房負擔納入分架構。
本研究旨在探討臺灣各縣市房價變動如何牽動家庭教育支出的配置決策 ，分析居住成本的攀升是否會對家庭的教育投資產生排擠效應。在研究方法上，本文結合2011年至2024年行政院主計總處家庭收支調查微觀資料，以及內政部動產資訊平臺之房價數據，運用空間自我迴歸模型（SAR）進行實證分析藉此捕捉鄰近縣市間因家庭人力資本投資策略之相互模仿 ，以及跨區域教育軍備競賽所產生的空間相依性與地理溢出效應。
實證結果顯示，房價對家庭教育支出具有顯著的負向影響，證實高昂的居住負擔確實會迫使家庭縮減對子女影子教育的資源投入 ，進而對長期的社會流動構成潛在風險。 本研究結果可作為政府在制定教育公平與住宅政策時之重要依據。在教育政策方面，政府應優化區域教育資源分配，打破明星學區與高房價的強烈連動，並針對高房價、高房貸負擔之家庭，研擬對應的教育資源補貼，以確保家庭教育支出不被住房成本過度排擠；在住宅政策方面，則應透過持有稅制調整抑制房市投機從根本上減輕家庭的居住負擔，使家庭能將資源合理配置於子女的人力資本投資藉此確保家庭子女的教育機會公平，避免居住地房價負擔排擠家庭教育支出的合理配置，進而消除阻礙社會階層向上流動的空間與經濟障礙 。

Family education expenditure is a core driver for enhancing children's human capital and promoting intergenerational social mobility. However, under the current trend of real estate financialization, high housing costs have become a key external financial pressure restricting the allocation of family education resources. Past research on family education expenditure has largely focused on household characteristic statistical variables such as family income and parents' education level, rarely incorporating the housing burden of the external living environment into the analytical framework.
This study aims to explore how changes in housing prices in various counties and cities in Taiwan affect family education expenditure allocation decisions, analyzing whether rising housing costs have a crowding-out effect on family education investment. Methodologically, this paper combines micro-data from the Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics' Household Income and Expenditure Survey from 2011 to 2024 with housing price data from the Ministry of the Interior's Real Estate Information Platform, using a spatial autoregressive (SAR) model for empirical analysis. This aims to capture the spatial dependence and geographical spillover effects arising from the mutual imitation of family human capital investment strategies among neighboring counties and cities, and the cross-regional education arms race.
Empirical results show that housing prices have a significant negative impact on family education expenditures, confirming that high housing costs do indeed force families to reduce their resource investment in their children's shadow education, thus posing a potential risk to long-term social mobility. The findings of this study can serve as an important basis for the government to formulate education equity and housing policies. Regarding education policy, the government should optimize the allocation of regional education resources, break the strong link between prestigious school districts and high housing prices, and develop corresponding education resource subsidies for families with high housing prices and high mortgage burdens to ensure that family education expenditures are not excessively squeezed out by housing costs. Regarding housing policy, adjustments to the property ownership tax system should be made to curb housing market speculation, fundamentally reducing the housing burden on families and enabling them to rationally allocate resources to their children's human capital investment. This ensures equal educational opportunities for children, prevents housing price burdens from crowding out the rational allocation of family education expenditures, and ultimately eliminates spatial and economic barriers that hinder upward social mobility.

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