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| 研究生： |
路克 Luke Thomas Verrall Browne |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱： |
探討馮德萊恩擔任歐盟委員會主席期間歐盟氣候政策安全化之變遷 Investigating Changing Securitisations of the European Union’s Climate Policy under Commission President von der Leyen |
| 指導教授： |
蘇卓馨
Su, Cho-Hsin |
| 口試委員: |
李佳怡
Lee, Chia-yi 冷則剛 Leng, Tse-Kang |
| 學位類別： |
碩士
Master |
| 系所名稱： |
國際事務學院 - 國際研究英語碩士學位學程(IMPIS) International Master's Program in International Studies(IMPIS) |
| 論文出版年： | 2026 |
| 畢業學年度： | 114 |
| 語文別： | 英文 |
| 論文頁數： | 125 |
| 中文關鍵詞： | 氣候變遷 、歐盟氣候政策 、歐洲聯盟 、歐盟執行委員會 、證券化 、氣候政策論述 、氣候—安全關聯 、馮德萊恩執委會 |
| 外文關鍵詞： | Climate Change, EU Climate Policy, the European Union, the European Commission, Securitisation, Climate Policy Discourse, Climate-Security Nexus, von der Leyen Commission |
| 相關次數： | 點閱：13 下載：0 |
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近年來，歐盟氣候政策與安全、能源依賴、經濟韌性及地緣政治競爭等議題的交織日益加深。既有研究已探討氣候與安全之間的關聯，以及氣候變遷的安全化（securitisation），但較少關注氣候政策安全化如何隨時間發展、累積，並因應不斷變動的政治情勢而重新建構。本論文旨在填補此一研究缺口，探討烏蘇拉・馮德萊恩（Ursula von der Leyen）擔任歐盟執行委員會主席期間，歐盟氣候政策的安全化如何發生變化。本研究採用序列式混合研究方法，分析2019年至2025年間196份歐盟執行委員會文件，結合量化內容分析與質性論述分析，以追蹤威脅建構、指涉對象（referent objects）及政策正當化論述的變化。
研究結果顯示，歐盟氣候政策並非以單一或靜態的方式進行安全化。在馮德萊恩任期初期，氣候政策主要被框架為因應氣候變遷與環境惡化的轉型性措施。2022年俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭後，此一框架透過能源安全、化石燃料依賴及地緣政治脆弱性重新建構，其中以REPowerEU最為明顯。到了後期，安全化再次轉向以經濟安全為核心的論述，聚焦於競爭力、潔淨技術、產業韌性及戰略自主。本論文認為，這些轉變應被理解為一個持續累積的重新建構過程；在此過程中，氣候政策的正當性逐漸不僅建立於環境治理之上，也被視為在日益競爭的國際秩序中，保障歐洲公民、經濟、能源體系及地緣政治自主性的戰略工具。
In recent years, European Union climate policy has become increasingly entangled with questions of security, energy dependence, economic resilience and geopolitical competition. Existing scholarship has explored the climate-security nexus and the securitisation of climate change, but has paid less attention to the temporal processes through which climate-policy securitisations change, accumulate and are rearticulated in response to shifting political conditions. This thesis addresses that gap by examining how the securitisation of EU climate policy changed during the European Commission Presidency of Ursula von der Leyen. Drawing on a sequential mixed-methods analysis of 196 European Commission documents from 2019 to 2025, it combines quantitative content analysis with qualitative discourse analysis to trace changing threat constructions, referent objects and policy justifications. It demonstrates that EU climate policy was not securitised in a single or static way. In the early von der Leyen period, climate policy was framed primarily as a transformative response to climate change and environmental degradation. Following Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, this framing was rearticulated through energy security, fossil-fuel dependence and geopolitical vulnerability, most clearly through REPowerEU. In the later period, securitisation shifted again towards an economic-security discourse centred on competitiveness, clean technologies, industrial resilience and strategic autonomy. The thesis argues that these shifts should be understood as a cumulative process of rearticulation, in which climate policy became increasingly legitimised not only as environmental governance, but as a strategic instrument for protecting Europe’s citizens, economy, energy system and geopolitical autonomy in a more contested international order.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 2
ABSTRACT 3
LIST OF FIGURES 6
LIST OF TABLES 6
List of Abbreviations 7
1 INTRODUCTION 9
1.1 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 10
1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW 13
1.2.1 The European Union 13
1.2.2 How Policy is Made in the European Union 14
1.2.3 The Climate Crisis and Europe 15
1.2.4 The Development of Climate Policy in the European Union 17
1.2.5 The von der Leyen Era 19
1.2.6 European Union Climate Policy and Security 22
1.3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 25
1.3.1 Securitisation Theory 25
1.3.2 Securitisation Theory and Climate Change 27
1.4 METHODOLOGY 29
1.4.1 Research Design 29
1.4.2 Content Analysis Phase 31
1.4.3 Code Book 32
1.4.4 Discourse Analysis Phase 34
1.4.5 Database Creation 36
1.5 ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS 37
2 THE FIRST PHASE: CONTENT ANALYSIS 39
2.1 THE CHANGING FOCUS OF EU CLIMATE POLICY RHETORIC 39
2.1.1 Temporal Distribution of Documents 39
2.1.2 Raw Distribution of Discourse Focus Codes 40
2.1.3 Relative Distribution of Discourse Focus Codes 42
2.1.4 Simple Regression Analysis Investigation of the Post-2022 Shift 44
2.1.5 Quarterly Regression Models of Climate and Security Focus Codes 47
2.1.6 Changing Frequency of Security Focus Sub-Codes 51
2.1.7 Discourse Focus Conclusions 52
2.2 REFERENT OBJECT OF CLIMATE POLICY DISCOURSE 54
2.3 EXCEPTIONAL POLICY RESPONSE 56
2.4 CONTENT ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONS TO TAKE FORWARD 57
3 THE SECOND PHASE: DISCOURSE ANALYSIS 59
3.1 CLIMATE-CENTRED ERA: 2019-21 60
3.1.1 Climate Change as a Securitised Threat to Europe 60
3.1.2 Climate Threatened Referent Objects 62
3.1.3 The European Green Deal as Transformative Response and Growth Strategy 64
3.1.4 Conclusion: The Early Climate-Centred Securitisation of EU Climate Policy 67
3.2 THE UKRAINE WAR: CLIMATE POLICY AS SECURITY POLICY 2022-23 69
3.2.1 New Threats: Climate Change Becomes One Challenge Among Many 70
3.2.2 Climate Policy as a Security Instrument: REPowerEU 71
3.2.3 Reframed Referent Objects 75
3.2.4 Conclusion: The Energy Security Turn in Climate Policy Discourse 77
3.3 THE ECONOMIC SECURITY TURN, 2024-2026: REFRAMING CLIMATE POLICY THROUGH COMPETITIVENESS 79
3.3.1 The Threat of New Dependencies 80
3.3.2 Referent Object Changes: Independence through Economic Security 82
3.3.3 Climate Policy as Economic-Security Policy 84
3.3.4 Conclusion: The Economic Security Era 87
4 CONCLUSION 89
4.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS: HOW DID EU CLIMATE POLICY SECURITISATION CHANGE? 89
4.2 WHY DID THESE CHANGES TAKE PLACE? 93
4.3 IMPLICATIONS FOR SECURITISATION THEORY SCHOLARSHIP 95
4.4 LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH 97
4.5 CONCLUDING REMARKS 98
BIBLIOGRAPHY 101
APPENDIX 109
APPENDIX A – COMPLETE DOCUMENT DATABASE 109
APPENDIX B – CODEBOOK 120
APPENDIX C – QUARTERLY RESULTS 120
APPENDIX D – DOCUMENTS REFERENCED IN DISCOURSE ANALYSIS 124
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全文公開日期 2027/08/18