在當前社會中，單親家庭、原住民族群及老年人口一向被視為是弱勢群體，對於未來台灣的社會所引申的相關問題，將帶來莫大的衝擊與影響。而一般的專案調查受限於調查成本、人力、敏感性等因素的考量，均是以推估的方式來取樣，其代表性仍具爭議性，本研究即希望藉此機會利用2000年戶口普查資料，探討此三大弱勢族群-單親家庭、原住民族群及老年人口資料概況，希望讓社會福利政策決策者在了解這些弱勢族群人口特徵後，提供切合的因應政策。

研究中主要分三大主題探討，在單親家庭方面就其分布地區、家長的人口特徵、經濟特徵、身體照護狀況、是否具備原住民身分及子女概況，按性別分別加以探討；在原住民族方面，除觀察其人口居住地區之變遷、特徵、及婚姻狀況外，並與台閩地區人口作一比較，也對原住民族之九大族群作一些概略性介紹；在老年人口方面，比較歷次普查老年人口成長趨勢，並對其分布概況、照護概況及居住方式作一些探究。除此之外在報告中也針對這三大弱勢族群的人口變項間的關聯性以卡方檢定其差異性，並對其作關聯性檢定，以探討各變項間是否有所關聯，將可提供外界及相關單位對這些弱勢族群概略性的認識，以進一步作一些深入的調查與探索。

In this present social environment, the single parent family, the indigenous and the elderly people are being viewed as underprivileged groups. As such, they may pose some social problems to the future of Taiwan. Their impacts on the social well balanced could not be neglected. Bearing in mind of the mentioned probes, this study will focus on their background, demographic and living condition in an attempt to provide an unbiased, objective and descriptive pictures to the social decision makers when implementing the policy. Due to the limitation of funding, human resources and the sensitivity of the subject, most of the researches done on this subject are usually conducted using sampling selection for estimation. Therefore this study, in order to provide a meaningful and thorough study on the subject, has taken the data from the housing bureau census of 2000 as its database for a complete research.

The research is divided into three main categories for discussion. The first category is on the single parent family which is being numbered into housing location, household member, its economic, and health issue. The second category is on the indigenous people. In this part of the study, a full description of the major nine indigenous groups have been substantially introduced. In addition to observing the residents' relocation and marital status, this study has also at the same time made a comparable study on the local residents (Fu-Kien). The third category which is on the elderly people has taken the past census data and made a comparison study on the trend of the elderly population's growth rate. We also study their relocation patterns, well-being and living conditions.