This thesis aims to understand the transportation system in Bangkok and identify obstacles to achieving sustainable transportation. According to the previous study, Private vehicle is among the main reason for traffic congestion in Bangkok, based on the 2022 INRIX Global Traffic Scorecard, Bangkok ranks second in Asia, after Istanbul, for having the highest traffic delays, and 32nd worldwide. Bangkok has two main transportation types: private (vehicles, bicycles, walking) and public (buses, metro trains, taxis). Private car dominates the transportation landscape in Bangkok, comprising approximately 39.9% of the total mode share, while public car accounts for 23.8%. This study will use a framework from previous studies to identify barriers, including legislation, financial, political, cultural, and practical and technological issues.
The analysis reveals several challenges. First, collaboration among the multiple stakeholders is lacking, leading to ineffective policies. Second, the financial burden on the Bangkok Mass Transit Authority (BMTA) hampers service improvement. The high metro fares also discourage public transport use. Third, political instability affects the implementation of an efficient bus system. Cultural and socio-cultural factors also influence residents' transportation choices. Lastly, the city's superblock characteristics make it impractical for buses to access local roads ("Sois"), forcing residents to use alternative modes of transportation.
To address these challenges, three recommendations are proposed: 1) Establish strong collaboration among policymakers and stakeholders, 2) Encourage the adoption of electric vehicles for taxis and motorcycle taxis, and 3) Draw inspiration from initiatives like Barcelona's "Superblock" to redefine city planning.

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