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研究生: 王林瀚
Wang, Lin Han
論文名稱: 以耐延遲車載網路方式,收集路況資訊與彙整時程評估
Gathering Road Traffic Information and Consolidating Travel Time Estimation using Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks
指導教授: 蔡子傑
Tsai, Tzu Chieh
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 理學院 - 資訊科學系碩士在職專班
Excutive Master Program of Computer Science
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 48
中文關鍵詞: 耐延遲網路耐延遲車載網路路況資訊
外文關鍵詞: Delay Tolerant Network, Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network, Road Traffic Information
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  • 許多國家正面臨因嚴重的交通壅塞所帶來龐大的經濟損失,同樣在台灣也面臨相同問題,根本解決之道就是找出壅塞路段,並即時地告知車輛駕駛以迴避此路段。因此如何有效率地偵測出壅塞路段,是當前重要的議題。以往大多透過長期所累積的統計數據,針對各路段收集行駛於該路段所有車輛的平均速度,來獲得該路段的交通狀況,但卻無法立即反應即時路況。
    因此我們提出以耐延遲車載網路方式,收集路況資訊與彙整旅途時程,透過具有全球定位系統(GPS)以及無線網路的車輛來進行路況交通資訊的收整與交換。再透過本研究所提出路況交通覺知路由協定(RTARP),以One-Hop Controlled Flooding的傳輸方式在節點與節點相遇時進行路況資訊的傳送,進而交換節點彼此間各自所存放各路段的路況資訊。
    模擬實驗結果證明我們所提出的路由協定在路況交通資訊交換中,有效地減少網路傳輸負載、提高訊息送達成功率以及路況交通資訊(RTI)正確率。


    Many countries are concerning about the huge economic losses caused by the critical traffic congestion. We have the same problem in Taiwan. The solutions lie in finding the road section with traffic congestion first and informing drivers to avoid that section. But how to detect the road section with traffic congestion effectively is the most important issue of this research. Conventionally, the real-time road traffic is mostly predicted by long-term accumulated statistics calculated by the collection of the average speed of cars on the same road section. But this way can’t provide the real-time road traffic immediately.
    Based on vehicles with GPS and the capability of WiFi, we proposed gathering road traffic information and consolidating travel time estimation using vehicular delay tolerant networks. We also proposed the Road Traffic Awareness Routing Protocol (RTARP) to exchange the road traffic information preserved individually by One-Hop Controlled Flooding during nodes’ encounter.
    The results of simulations prove the routing protocol we proposed can effectively reduce the transmission overhead, improve the delivery ratio and the accuracy of the road traffic information.

    第一章 緒論 1
    1.1研究背景 1
    1.2研究動機 5
    1.3研究目的 6
    1.4研究流程 7
    第二章 相關研究 8
    2.1Opportunistic Protocol 8
    2.1.1 Epidemic Routing Protocol 8
    2.1.2 Spray and Wait Routing Protocol 9
    2.2 Prediction-based Protocol 9
    2.2.1 Prophet Routing Protocol 9
    2.2.2 Geographical Opportunistic Routing 9
    2.3 Scheduling Protocol 9
    2.3.1 MF Routing Protocol 10
    2.4 Road Traffic Related Protocol 10
    2.4.1 發起式車輛密度偵測(OVDD) 10
    第三章 研究方法與系統架構 12
    3.1研究方法 12
    3.2系統架構 12
    3.2.1路況交通覺知路由協定(RTARP) 12
    3.2.2訊息型態 13
    3.2.2.1 Hello訊息階段 13
    3.2.2.2 Summary Vector訊息階段 14
    3.2.2.3 Request訊息階段 17
    3.2.2.4 Reply訊息階段 20
    3.2.3 路況交通資訊彙整流程 21
    3.2.4 道路路況記錄的產生與維持 22
    第四章 模擬實驗與結果分析 24
    4.1效能評估 24
    4.1.1訊息送達率 24
    4.1.2傳輸負載 25
    4.1.3路況交通資訊平均交換數量 25
    4.1.4路況交通資訊正確率 25
    4.2 模擬設定 26
    4.2.1環境設定 28
    4.2.2參數設定 29
    4.2.3系統畫面說明 30
    4.3 實驗結果 32
    4.3.1初始模擬結果 32
    4.3.2傳輸距離之效能評估 38
    4.3.3道路分割區塊大小之效能評估 42
    第五章 結論與未來展望 44
    5.1結論 44
    5.2未來展望 45
    第六章 參考文獻 46

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