本研究的主要目的有三：一為探討不同年級，不同性別學生之數學成就與數學學習態度的差異情形，以了解數學學習態度對我國各階段學生數學成就的影響；二為探討不同性別角色學生之數學成就的差異情形，以了解男性化認定對我國各階段學生數學成就的影響：三為根據研究結果，提出建議，以為改進數學教學及冢庭教育的參考，並引起一般人對有關問題的重視，使每個人都能獲得適材適性的發展。

本研究以台北市復興高中、和平國中及古亭國小等三個學校各六個班的學生為研究對象。每個樣本同時施以「數學學習態度量表」及「性別角色量表」，經剔除廢卷後，計有727人，其中男生364人，女生363人。

統計方法採用二因子變異數分析，二因子共變異數分析及逐步多元廻歸分析。凡二因子變異數分析F 值顯著者則以薛費氏法進行多重比較；逐步多元廻歸則在步與步間進行多元相關差量顯著性考驗。

本研究結果發現： (1)我國學生之數學成就到高二才有顯著的性別差異存在。(2)在數學學習態度方面，男生在信心、有用性及探究動機等三個變項顯著優於女生，女生則在成功態度、男性科目及老師等三個變項顯著優於男生。但在母親、父親與焦慮等變項上則無顯著的性別差異。(3)數學學習態度與智力等十個變項對各組學生的數學成就皆有顯著的預測效果，其中探究動機、信心與有用性等三變項與男女教學成就的差異有關。(4)不同性別角色類型的學生在數學成就上無顯著差異，但根據逐步多元廻歸分析結果，有關性別角色對數學成就的影響，似與 的兩性化理論較為接近。

一、中文部分：
李美枝 社會心理學 台北市 大洋出版社 民 69
李美枝 性別特質問卷的編製及男女大學生四種性別特質類型在成就動機、婚姻、事業及性態度上的比較 中華心理學刊 民70年 23卷 一期 頁23 - 37
何英奇 大學生性別角色與自我概念的關係 教育心理學報 民70 14期 頁221 - 230
吳明清 國小兒童之認知型式及其對題解表現之影響 師大教育研究所碩士論文 民63
林軍治 國小兒童認知型式與數學成就的關係 台中市 書恒出版社 民68
林邦傑 性別角色與自我防衛、生活適應、認知能力的關係 中華心理學刊 民70 23卷 二期 頁107 - 129
林邦傑 國中及高中學生具體運思、形式運思與學業成就之關係 測驗年刊 民70 28輯 頁23-32
范德鑫 教師期待與國中學生數學科成績、操行成績關係之研究 教育心理學報 13期 頁179 - 185 。陳照明 國中學生性向、智力與學業成績的相關之分析研究 教育學院學報 民67 3卷 頁241 - 260
黃雪玲 認知發展、學習環境與國中學生數理科學業成就之關係 政大教育研究所碩士論文 民68
楊雀 我國女性教育主管人格特質之研究 政大教育研究所碩士論文 民71
簡馨離 性別角色、社經地位與少年犯罪之關係研究 政大教育研究所碩士論文 民71
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