隨著交通及資訊科技的迅速發展，不僅商品交易的過程可在極短的時間內傳送至世界各個角落 ，也加速實體商品在國際間流通的速度，許多不能移動的生產資源也都可以在各地自由流通，因此各國的經濟也朝向國際化、全球化及自由化發展，在國際化經營過程中，由於企業派往海外工作人員隨之增加，如何有效進行國際化人力資源管理成為重要工作，如何進行海外工作人員的選派亦成為企業必需面對的重要課題 ．
在企業進行國際化經營之際，由於派往海外工作人員經常會被指派一些重要的職位，因此如何降低外派的失敗率，必需從外派人員的評選階段減少錯誤做起．特別是外派人員的發展策略，常涉及員工個人、家庭、企業組織間互動過程及相關情境因素影響，也造成了複雜性．
過去雖有文獻探討外派人員的失敗原因、甄選準則，但鮮少分別從主管及員工不同角度，探討企業進行海外派遣發展策略所考慮因素(準則)重要程度排序及評估各項因素(準則)相對於不同派遣地區之重要程度．本研究擬由相關文獻進行次級資料蒐集，並以台灣某家電子產業之上市公司為實證對象，進行以下之研究：

一、 藉由整理相關文獻、問卷調查，整合不同群體意見，建立一套兼具功效性、客觀性、週延性及整體性的企業海外人力派遣評估因素之層級評估架構．
二、 利用層級分析法(Analysis Hierarchy Process, AHP)的層級概念與特徵向量法來分析，求得主管、員工不同群體及整體對於評估準則之權重值大小，建立權重體系．
三、 結合模糊多評準決策法(Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Decision Marketing, FMCDM)，請受訪群體針對不同的派遣地區，導出各項評估因素(準則)相對於不同派遣地區之重要程度並據以排序，以作為企業進行海外人力派遣評選作業方案之評估．

中文參考文獻
王怡云 「影響台商的海外派遣人員適應因素之探討－以派駐美國伊利諾州為例」，中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文，1998年。
李振家 「台灣國際企業外派人力資源管理效能衡量模式之建構與實證研究」，長榮大學經營管理研究所碩士論文，2002年。
蘇永富 「轉換型領導、組織承諾與組織公民行為關係之研究－以派外人員為例」，中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文，2001年。
簡詩怡 「跨國企業外派人員跨文化能力內涵之研究」，師範大學工業科技教育學系碩士論文，2000年。
鄧振源、曾國雄 「層級分析法（AHP）的內涵特性與應用」，中國統計學報二十七卷六期、七期，1989年6月、7月，頁5-22、頁1-20。
鄧振源 「計畫評估－方法與應用」，2002年，頁155-156。
曾國雄、邱華凱 「模糊決策系統」，模糊理論及其應用，全華科技圖書，2003年，頁11-1至11-6。
鄧振源 「計畫評估－方法與應用」，2002年，頁155-156。

英文參考文獻
Adler, N.J., 1986. “ Do MBAs Want International Career? ” International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 10, pp.277-300.
Anderson, J.C., Milkovich, G. T., & Tsui, A. 1981. “A Model of Intraorganizational Mobility, ” Academy of Management Review, 6, pp.529-538.
Arkin, A. 1993. “Managing the Stress of Relocation,” Personnel Management, 25, pp.53-56
Beer, M., Spector, B., Lawrence, P., Mills, D.Q., & Walton, R.E. 1984.“Managing Human Assets,” New York: The Free Press.
Bellman,R.E. & Zadeh,L.A.1970, “Decision Making in a Fuzzy Enviorment,”
Management Science 17（4）, pp.141-146
Black, J.S., 1988. “ Work Role Transitions: A study of American Expatriate Managers in Japan,” Journal of International Business Studies, 19, pp.277-293.
Black, J.S., 1990. “Personnel Dimensions and Work Role Transitions,” Management International Review, 30, pp.119-134.
Black, J.S., & Gregersen, H.B., 1990. “Expectations, Satisfaction, and Intention to Leave of American Expatriate Managers in Japan,” International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 14, pp.485-506
Black, J.S., & Gregersen, H.B., 1991. “Antecedents to Cross-cultural Adjustment for Expatriates in Pacific Rim Assignments,” Human Relations, 44, pp.497-515
Black, J.S., & Mendenhall, M., 1989. “A practical but theory-based framework for selecting cross-cultural training methods,” Human Resource Management 28, pp.511-539
Black, J.S., & Mendenhall, M., 1990. “Cross-culture Training Effectiveness : A Review and Theoretical Framework for Future Research,” Academy of Management Review, 15, pp.113-136
Black, J.S.& Stephens,G.K.,1989. “The influence of the spouse on American expatriate adjustment and intent to stay in Pacific Rim overseas assignments,” Journal of Management, 15(4), pp.541
Borstorff , P.C., Harrisatricia, S.G. ., Field, H.S. & Giles, W. F. 1997. “Who’ll go? A review of factors associated with employee willingness to work overseas, ” Human Resource Planning, 20, pp29-41
Brett, J.M. 1982. “Job Transfer and Well-being,” Journal of Applied Psychology, 67, pp.450-463
Brett, J.M., & Reilly, A. H. 1988. “On the Road Again: Predicting the Job Transfer Decision,” Journal of Applied Psychology, 73, pp.614-620
Brett, J.M., Stroh, L.K., & Reilly, A. H. 1993. “Pulling Up Roots in the 1990s: Who’s Willing to Relocate?,” Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14, pp.49-60
Brett, J.M. & Stroh, L.K., 1995. “Willingness to relocate internationally,” Human Resource Management, 34(3), pp.405-424
Brett, J.M., Stroh, L.K., & Reilly, A. H. 1992. “Impact of Societal Shifts and Corporate Changes on Employee Relocation,” Washington DC: Employee Relocation Council.
Buckley, J.J., 1984, “The multiple judge, multiple criteria ranking problem：A fuzzy set approach,” Fuzzy Sets and Systems 13, pp.25-37
Buckley, J.J., 1985, “Ranking alternatives using fuzzy numbers”, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 15(1), pp.21-31.
Burke, R.J.1974. “Personnel Job Transfer: Some Data and Recommendations,” Studies in Personnel Psychology, 6, pp.35-46
Casico, W.F.,1992. “Managing Human Resource Productivity,” Quality of Work Life (3 Rd ed.)., N.Y.: McGraw-Hill
Cetron, M.J., Lucken, R., McFadden, C.F., & Weir, B.J. 1987. “Impact of the Changing Family on Employee Relocation,” Washington DC: Employee Relocation Council.
Cieri, H.De., Dowling P.J.,& Taylor, K.F.,1991. “The psychological impact of expatriate relocation on partners, ” The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2(3), pp.377-414
Dubois,D,and Prade,H.1978,“Operations on Fuzzy Number” International Journal of Systems Science Vol.9, pp.613-629
Dubois,D,and Prade,H.1980,“Fuzzy Set and System：Theory and Application”, Fuzzy Sets and Systems , N.Y. Academic Press
Earley, P.C. 1987. “Intercultural Training for Managers: A Comparison of Documentary and Interpersonal Methods,” Academy of Management Journal, 30, pp.685-698
Evans, P., Lank, E., & Farquhar, A.1991. “Managing Human Resource in the International Firm: Lessons from Practice,” In P. Evans, Y. Doz, & A.Laurent(eds.), Human Resource Management in International Firms. London: McMillan Press Ltd. pp.133-142
Feldman, D. C. 1991. “Repatriate Moves Career Transitions,” Human Resource Management Review, 1, pp.163-178
Feldman, D. C., & Thomas, D.C. 1992. “Career Management Issues Facing Expatriate,” Journal of International Business Studies, 23, pp.271-293.
Feng Feng & Thomas, E. Pearson, 1999. “Hotel expatriate managers in China: selection criteria, important skills and knowledge, repatriation concerns, and cause of failure,” Hospitality management 18, pp.309-321
Forster, N.1990. “A Practical Guide to the Management of Job Change and Relocations,” Personnel Review, 19, pp.26-35
Furnham, A., & Bochner, S. 1989. “Culture Shock: Psychological Reactions to Unfamiliar Environments,” London: Routledge.
Gould, S., & Penley, L.E.1985.“A Study of the Correlates of the Willingness to Relocate, ” Academy of Management Journal, 28, pp.472-478
Gary Dessler., 2000.“Human Resource Management,” 8 ed., Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Gregersen, H.B., & Black. J.S.1990. “A Multifaceted Approach to Expatriate Retention in International Assignments,” Group and Organization Studies, 15, pp.461-485
Gregersen, H.B., & Black. J.S.1992. “Antecedents to Commitment to a Parent Company and a Foreign Operation,” Academy of Management Journal, 33, pp.65-90
Gomez-Mejia, L., & Balkin, D.B. 1987 “Determinants of Managerial Satisfaction with the Expatriation and Repatriation Process,” Journal of Management Development, 6, pp.7-17
Harrison, J.K., 1994. “Developing successful expatriate managers: a framework for the structural design and strategic alignment of cross-cultural training programs, ” Human Resource Planning 17(3), pp.17-35
Harvey, M. G. 1989. “Repatriation of Corporate Executive: An Empirical Study,” Journal of International Business Studies, 20, pp.131-144
Haslberger, A., & Stroh, L. K. 1992. “Development and Selection of Multinational Expatriate,” Human Resource Development Quarterly, 3, pp.287-293
Hays, R.D., 1974. “Expatriate selection: Insuring success and avoiding failure,” Journal of International Business Studies 5, pp.25-37
Hill, R.E., & Miller, E.L. 1981. “Job Change and the Middle Seasons of a Man’s Life,” Academy of Management Journal, 24, pp.114-127
Hobart, N. D.1990. “Effective Expatriate Compensation,” Compensation and Benefits Management, 7, pp.46-49
Hodgetts, R.M. & Luthans F, 1993. “U.S. Multinational’s Expatriate Compensation Strategic,” Compensation and Benefit Review, 25(1), pp.57-62
Laarhoven,P.J.M.and Pedrycz, W.1983,“A Fuzzy Extension of Satty’s Priority Theory,” Fuzzy Set and Systems Vol.11, pp.229-241
Landau, J. C., Shamir, B., & Arthur, M. B. 1992. “Predictors of Willingness to Relocate for Managerial and Professional Employees,” Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13, pp.667-680
Li, Lan & Tse, Eliza., 1999. “Antecedents and consequences of expatriate satisfaction in the Asian Pacific,” Tourism Management, 19, No.2, 1998, pp135-143
Louis, M. R. 1980. “Surprise and Sensemaking: What Newcomers Experience in Entering Unfamiliar Organizational Settings,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 25, pp.226-247
Markham, W. T., Macken, P. O., Bonjean, C.M. & Corder, J. 1983. “A Note on Sex, Geographic Mobility, and Career Advancement,” Social Forces, 61, pp.1138-1146
Markham, W. T., & Pleck, J. H., 1986. “Sex and Willingness to Move for Occupational Advancement : Some National Sample Result,” The Sociological Quarterly, 27, pp.121-143
McEnery, J. & DesHarnais, G. 1990. “Culture shock,” Training and Development Journal, 44(4), pp.43-47
Mendenhall, M.E., Dunbar, E., & Oddou, G.R.1987. “Expatriate Selection, Training, and Career-pathing: A Review and Critique,” Human Resource Management, 26, pp.331-345
Minor, F. 1982. “Items Influencing Relocation Decisions at IBM,” Paper presented at the Academy of Management Meeting, New York
Murray, F.T. & Murray, A.H. 1986. “Global Managers for Global business,” Sloan Management Review, 27(2), pp.75-80
Nojiri,H.（1980）, “On the fuzzy team decision in a change environment,”Fuzzy Sets and Systems 30（1）, pp.137-150
Oddou, G. R., & Mendenhall, M.E. 1991. “Succession Planning for the 21th Century: How Well Are We Grooming Our Future Business Leaders?” Business Horizons, 14, pp.26-34
Opricovis, S. and Tzeng, G. H.,2003, “Defuzzification for a Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision Model”, International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-based Systems, 11(5), pp635~652。
Peter J. Dowling & Denice E. Welch and Randall S. Schuler 1999 “International Human Resource Management: Managing People in a Multinational Context, ” South-Western, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Perkins, Stephen J.,1997. “Internationalization: the people dimension: human resource strategies for global expansion,” Saxon Graphics Ltd.
Pinder, C.C.1981. “The Role of Transfers and Mobility Experiences in Employee Motivation and Control,” In H. Meltzer & W. Nord (eds), Making Organizations Humane and Productive. New York: Wiley.
Pinder, C. C. & Walter, G. A. 1984. “Personnel Transfers and Employee Development,” In K. M. Rowland & G. R. Ferris(eds), Research in Personnel and Human Resources Mangement, Vol 2, pp.187-218, Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Price Waterhouse,1997. “International assignment: European Policy and Practice,” 1997/1998, Europe.
Rank, M. R. 1982. “Determinants of Conjugal Influence in Wives’ Employment Decision Making,” Journal of Marriage and the Family, 44, pp.591-604
Satty, T.L.,1977 “A Scaling Method For Priorities in Hierarchical Structures”, Journal of Mathematical Psychology 15（2）, pp.234-281
Satty, T.L.,1980 “ The Analytic Hierarchy Process”, New York, McGraw-Hill
Sell, R.R.,1983. “Transferred Jobs: A Neglected Aspect of Migration and Occupational Change,” Work and Occupations, 10, pp.179-206
Sharda, B. O., Nangle, B. E. 1981. “Marital Effect on Occupational Attainment,” Journal of Family Issues, 2, pp.148-163
Stephens, G., & Black, J.S. 1988. “International Transfers and Dual Career Couples,” Paper Presented at the annual Academy of Management meeting: Anaheim, CA.
Stone Raymond, J., 1991. “Expatriate selection and failure,” Human Resource Planning, 14, No.1, pp9-18
Sugalski, T.D., & Greenhaus, H. 1986. “Career Exploration and Goal Setting Among Managerial Employees,” Journal of Vocational Behavior, 29, pp.102-114
Tung, R.L.,1982. “Selection and training procedures of U.S, European and Japanese multinationals,” California Management Review, 25(1), pp.55-71
Tung, R.L.,1988. “Career Issues in International Assignments, ” Academy of Management Executive, 11, pp241-244
Veiga, J.F. 1983. “Mobility Influences During Managerial Career Stages,” Academy of Management Journal, 26, pp.64-85
Victor, D. 1992.“International Business Communication,” New York: Harper Collins
Wortzel, H., & Wortzel, L., 1985. “Corporate Culture and Human Resource Management,” In H.Wortzel & L.Wortzel(eds.), Strategic Management of Multinational Corporations, pp.114-137. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Yu, L & Goh,S.H.,1995. “Perceptions of management difficulty factors by expatriate hotel professionals in China,” International Journal of Hospitality management 14(3/4), pp.375-388
Zaden,L.A.1965, “Fuzzy Set,” Information and Control Vol.8 No.3 pp.338-353
Zaden,L.A.1975, “The concept of a Lingustic Variable and its Applicatipon to Approximate Reasoning”, Information Science, Vol.8,pp.199-249（1）, pp.301-357（2）,Vol.9,pp.43-80（3）
Zeira, Y. & Banai, M. 1985. “Selection of Expatriate Managers in MNCs: The Host-environment Point of View,” International Studies of Management and Organization, 15, pp.33-51
Zhao,R.and Gorvind,R.,1991, “Algebraic Characterisitics of Extend Fuzzy Number”, Information Science 54（1）,pp.103-130
Zimmermann,H.J.,1978, “Fuzzy Programming and Linear Programming with several objective functions,” Fuzzy Sets and Systems 1（1）,45-55