論文摘要

企業是追求目標的組織；更具體的說：企業經營卽在於因應環境的限制下，有效的運用各種資源，以達成其所追求的目標。

然而，決定企業績效目標的因素有那些？這些因素對於目標的影響又如何？本研究分別從產業組織、組織理論及企業政策三方面，檢討相關學者的努力，導出多目標的聯立方程式模型，以台灣的塑膠廠商為對象，實證分析的結果發現：

(一)、就所選定的三目標（獲利能力、管理者個人目標及生產效率）而言，確有取捨的關係存在；因此企業經營者在從事策略規劃、分配資源時，要能顧及多目標之間的相互依賴性，而不可一味的追求某一目標，否則其結果將為次適化，而非最適化。

(二)、不同的廠商之間存在有甚大的異質性；因此企業經營者要能考慮本身的條件，針對市場立基，發展合適的策略，而不可一味的抄襲或模倣。

(三)、考慮上述兩特性，研究者在進行分析時，要能採用適當的估計方法，選擇適當的研究單位，否則將會導致錯誤的結論。

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ABBREVIATION：

AER : American Economic Review

AMJ : Academy of Management Review

AMP : Academy of Management Proceedings

AMR : Academy of Management Review

ASQ : Administrative Science Quaterly

BJE : Bell Journal of Economics

HBR : Harvard Business Review

JASA: Journal of American Statistical Association

JEB : Journal of Economics & Business

JEL : Journal of Economic Literature

JFQA: Journal of Financial & Quantitative Analysis

JGM : Journal of General Management

JIE : Journal of Industrial Economics

JMR : Journal of Marketing Research

JMS : Journal of Management Studies

JoF : Journal of Finance

MS: Management Science

OR : Operations Research

QJE: Quaterly Journal of Economics

RE&S: Review of Economics & Statistics

SMJ : Strategic Management Review

SMR : Sloan Management Review

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