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| 研究生： |
洪瑩霏 Monika Hung |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱： |
尋覓療癒新聞學 : 探索記者離苦經驗之現象學研究 In finding Healing Journalism: a phenomenological study exploring the experience of journalists on the path of liberation from suffering |
| 指導教授： |
李維倫
Lee, Wei-Lun |
| 口試委員: |
游絲涵
Yu, Ssu-Han 那原道 Randall Laird Nadeau |
| 學位類別： |
碩士
Master |
| 系所名稱： |
傳播學院 - 國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS) International Master's Program in International Communication Studies(IMICS) |
| 論文出版年： | 2026 |
| 畢業學年度： | 114 |
| 語文別： | 英文 |
| 論文頁數： | 103 |
| 中文關鍵詞： | 現象學 、療癒新聞學 、記者 、觀照 、存在性相逢 、存在性真相 |
| 外文關鍵詞： | phenomenology, Healing Journalism, journalist, contemplation, existential encounter, existential factual truth |
| 相關次數： | 點閱：17 下載：4 |
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記者身處相對高壓、充斥傷害性事件的媒體環境。對此，既有新聞學研究 多半仍圍繞於社會科學與精神病理學的論述框架內。本研究以人的處境為核心， 提出「療癒新聞學」(Healing Journalism) ，揭示「觀照」作為一種臨在的見證， 記者運用此法與他人經驗相逢，令邁向集體通透的理路顯現，此歷程即療癒在新 聞報導的意涵。本文同時比較新聞報導的兩種抽離的觀看模式:「事實式觀察」 (factual observation) 與「觀照式觀察」(contemplative observation)，認為兩者接近、理解與揭露現實的結構看似相斥，實則朝向同一存在性真相(existential factual truth)。
為考察記者脫離此種困境之現象構成，本研究訪談三位記者，並對訪談資
料進行現象學分析，深入專業與個人生活世界接觸人之處境的經驗。現象學分析
結果顯示，在不斷展開的存在性歷程中，觀照是個體在為擺脫某種令其不適狀態，朝著特定方向的行動，該行動的開展超越關懷導向新聞論理中的利他論述，其中顯現出來的觀照式觀察之結構包含下述歷程。首先長期日常重擔於某個臨界點現身成為顯題，記者將個人困境轉向對共同處境的叩問，個人經驗於此化作一座橋樑，使其得以成為管道，與被報導者的經驗相逢(encounter)，從而透過自身經驗 看見他人，與此同時從他人經驗看見自身。隨著相互映照的反思逐漸加深，人的受苦狀態被立體化呈現，通往集體療癒的潛在路徑也隨之顯現。
本文主張，觀照的實踐非但不是遙不可及，反而是令記者自受困的生活世 界脫身的解藥。療癒新聞學絕非對立於傳統新聞的理念，觀照作為報導視野的轉 換實乃新聞本質的回歸。有鑒於報導行動本身即包含抽離(detachment)的不穩定 性，於情感糾葛與滋養兩者來回擺盪的必經歷程，方為記者新聞生涯中不該被否 定及抹去的鍛鍊。
Against the backdrop of the dominated social scientific and psychopathological discourses on suffering in journalism studies, Healing Journalism, centred on human conditions in lived realities, is proposed for shedding the light on the essence of journalism and its relation to the notion of healing. In contemporary fast-paced media environments where journalists often suffer greatly from distressing contents, some of them have surprisingly been walking on an uncharted path to liberate themselves from this inevitable pain. To uncover the formation of such a phenomenon, three journalists were interviewed to explore their lived experiences across professional and personal contexts. Through a phenomenological reading of participants' experiences, contemplation (referred to as "guānzhào" 觀照 in Mandarin) emerged as a shift in
journalistic perception. Meanwhile, two modes of detachment in journalistic practice— factual observation and contemplative observation—are critically compared. Though seemingly dichotomous, they are actually a unity of oneness directing towards the same reality—the existential factual truth.
The findings indicate that contemplation is an action undertaken by an individual to move out of a given unpleasant state, extending way beyond the altruistic discourse in care-oriented journalistic ethics. At a critical point, long-standing everyday burdens turned salient. Journalists became aware of the sore spots and thus shifted personal enquiry to the exploration of shared condition. In this evolutionary process, an individual's experience of hardship was formed as a bridge through which journalists served as relational channels came to see themselves from the lived experiences of others and others from theirs. As this mutual reflection deepened gradually, one's condition of suffering appeared vividly with potential pathways towards collective healing followed by.
Far from a radical departure from traditional journalism, this research argues that such a contemplative witnessing is a return to journalism's mission of human connection. One should not see Healing Journalism as a lofty ideal. In fact, it is an antidote to the unavoidable burdens in professional works. Due to the inherent instability of objective detachment embedded in journalistic practice, the constant back- and-forth movement between the states of emotional entanglement and existential nourishment ought to be recognised as an essential self-cultivation throughout one's journalistic journey. Such a crucial technique every journalist must develop should never be left unseen.
Chapter 1 Journalism and Our life 1
1.1 The Prelude of Healing Journalism 3
1.2 Invisible and Unspeakable Suffering Inside the Newsroom 4
1.3 Exploring Healing Journalism Under a Phenomenological Lens 6
Chapter 2 Literature Review 8
2.1.1 Negativity in the Contemporary Media Environment 8
2.1.2 Journalism as a Product and Occupation 9
2.1.3 Objectivity as the Core Professional Ideology 10
2.1.4 Critiques of the Scientific-Oriented Journalism and its Professional Ideology 12
2.2 Pathological Foundation of Trauma Studies in Journalism 14
2.2.1 Introduction to Psychopathology 14
2.2.2 Human Conditions in the Journalistic Field: Trauma or Suffering? 15
2.3 Journalist as a Witness of Suffering 17
2.3.1 Definition of Witness, Eye-Witness and Bearing Witness 17
2.3.2 Bearing Witness and Human Suffering 19
2.4 The Evolution of Journalistic Ethics 21
2.4.1 The Evolution of Journalistic Ethics 21
2.4.2 An Ethical Turn in Journalistic Ethics 23
2.4.3 Adaptation to Minimise the Harm in New Journalistic Ethics 26
2.5 Journalism and Phenomenology 28
2.5.1 Phenomenology and Human Lived Experience 28
2.5.2 A Phenomenological Turn in Journalism Studies 29
2.5.3 Implication of Phenomenology for Present Study 30
2.6 Reflection on Human Condition: Critique of Trauma Studies and Existential Move in Journalism 31
Chapter 3 Research Framework and Methodology 34
3.1 Theoretical Framework: Phenomenology As an Existential Move 34
3.2 Data Collection 34
3.3 Key Steps for Data Analysis 36
Chapter 4 Research Results: Situated and General Structure 38
4.1 Situated Structure: Interviewee S 38
4.2 Situated Structure: Interviewee Z 44
4.3 Situated Structure: Interviewee D 48
4.4 General Structure 53
4.4.1 Everyday Burdens Came to the Spotlight 55
4.4.2 The Existential Care as the Core of Journalism 57
4.4.3 A Channel to Fundamental Experience of Human Suffering 60
4.4 Contemplative Witnessing of Human Wholeness 64
4.5 Movement Between Emotional Entanglement and Nourishment 67
Chapter 5 Discussion 71
5.1 Revisiting Caring in Journalism Beyond Altruism 72
5.2 Two Modes of Seeing in Journalistic Practice 74
5.2.1 Factual Observation and Contemplative Observation 74
5.2.2 Bearing Witness in an Existential Encounter Through Contemplation 76
5.3 Beyond Dualism: Factual Observation and Contemplative Observation as Unity 78
5.4 Holding Space : Potential Oscillation and Different Collective Resonance Effects 80
5.5 The Very Essence of Unstable Detachment in Journalistic Practice 83
5.6 In Finding the Truth: Self-Cultivation as the Resolution to the Instability of Detachment 84
5.7 Summary: the Phenomenon of Healing Journalism 86
Chapter 6 Conclusion 88
6.1 Implication and Contribution 89
6.2 Limitation of the Study 89
References 91
Appendix A: Interview Research Consent Form (English) 101
Appendix B: Interview Research Consent Form (Mandarin) 103
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