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研究生: 孟愷修
Muerset, Nicolas
論文名稱: 中國在瑞⼠逐漸增強的銳實⼒影響
China’s Growing Sharp Power Influence in Switzerland
指導教授: 蔡中民
Tsai, Chung-Min
口試委員: 冷則剛
Leng, Tse-Kang
蘇卓馨
Su, Cho-Hsin
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 社會科學學院 - 亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)
International Master's Program in Asia-Pacific Studies(IMAS)
論文出版年: 2024
畢業學年度: 113
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 74
中文關鍵詞: 銳實力瑞士中瑞關係統一戰線工作部(UFW)歐盟(EU)
外文關鍵詞: China-Switzerland relations, United Front Work(UFW)
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  • 這段文章描述了中國在瑞士逐漸擴大的「銳實力」影響,並探討了這一現象的多個方面,包括學術界、外交和政治干預、情報活動以及統一戰線工作。透過分析新聞文章、報告和研究資料,提供了對中國戰略影響的深入見解,並將北京在瑞士的影響力與更廣泛的歐洲進行了比較,指出瑞士獨特但共同的經歷以及對中瑞關係的實際態度。儘管在瑞士存在多方面的中國「銳實力」影響,但效果通常較為隱蔽,主要集中在學術和技術交流領域。此外,中共的統戰部在瑞士也相當活躍,因此需要在未來進一步持續觀察。瑞士重要決策者和關鍵經濟人物需提高意識並進一步思考中國在該國的「尖銳實力」做法。本研究的貢獻在於討論在現有民主國家中不斷增長的威權影響,並為未來研究這種權力動態的影響奠定了基礎。


    China’s growing economic power in the last two decades coincides with the country’s increasingly assertive geopolitical stance. Sharp power, an international relations concept that emerged in 2017, describes the strategic use of predominantly manipulative and distortive influence tactics to shape foreign perceptions and policies particularly in the context of Beijing’s growing international influence. Ever since, the growing international relations phenomena has been researched extensively in the USA as well as Europe. Switzerland, however, has been left out of this academic trend. Therefore, this study investigates the expanding influence of China's sharp power in Switzerland. Various dimensions of China's sharp power in Switzerland, including influence in academia, diplomatic and political interference, espionage activities and the network of the United Front Work Department, that often unites sharp power efforts, are covered extensively. The analysis draws on data from news articles, reports, and research studies, offering insights into the implications of China's strategies. Beijing’s influence in Switzerland is compared within the broader European context, noting Switzerland's unique, yet common experience and its pragmatic approach to Sino-Swiss relations. While multifaceted Chinese sharp power influence efforts in Switzerland are apparent, the nature of the influence is generally less aggressive and seems to be focused on covert academic and technological exchange. Nonetheless, the CCP’s UFWD apparatus is extensive in Switzerland too and demands further continuous observation in the coming years. While specific advice is not within the scope of this study, ultimately, there is a need for heightened awareness amongst important decision makers and key economic figures in Switzerland and further investigation into China's sharp power practices in the country. This study contributes to the growing discourse on authoritarian influence in established democracies in particular and provides a first foundation for future studies on mitigating the impacts of such power dynamics in Switzerland.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS
    Abstract 1
    Chapter 1 Introduction 5
    Chapter 2 Literature Review 8
    2.1 Sharp Power 8
    2.2 China’s Growing Influence in Europe 12
    2.3 Common Tools of China to influence Europe 13
    2.4 United Front Work: China’s sophisticated influencing apparatus 18
    2.5 Methodology 22
    Chapter 3 Uncovering Chinese sharp power influencing efforts in Switzerland 25
    3.1 Recent Swiss-Sino relations 25
    3.2 United Front Work Activities in Switzerland 26
    3.3 Influence in Academia 33
    3.4 Chinese Diplomatic/Political Interference in Switzerland 34
    3.5 Chinese Espionage in Switzerland 36
    3.6 Switzerland not joining EU sanctions against Chinese officials 40
    3.7 Confucius Institutes in Switzerland 41
    3.8 Personal Experience: A visit by the Chinese ambassador at my undergraduate University 41
    Chapter 4 China’s sharp power influence in Switzerland: A cause for concern? 43
    4.1 United Front Work Activities in Switzerland 43
    4.2 Influence in Academia 49
    4.3 Chinese Diplomatic/Political Interference in Switzerland 52
    4.4 Chinese Espionage in Switzerland 53
    4.5 The Case of Huawei 54
    4.6 Switzerland not joining EU sanctions against Chinese officials 55
    Chapter 5 Findings, limitations, implications, future research directions and conclusion 57
    5.1 Findings 57
    5.2 Limitations 59
    5.3 Implications 60
    5.4 Future research directions 60
    5.5 Conclusion 61
    References 63

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