本研究探討馬來西亞人在選舉期間如何看待和應對錯誤資訊，主要關注其事實查核的 動機。基於計劃行為理論(TPB)，我們探討社會壓力(主觀規範)和信息評估的自 信(自我效能)對事實查核意圖的影響。選舉期間在線信息的激增挑戰選民分辨真偽 的能力。本研究通過探討在東南亞多元文化國家馬來西亞的背景下對錯誤資訊的反應， 填補了這一關鍵空白。
本研究通過線上問卷調查了 431 名馬來西亞參與者，測量他們對錯誤資訊的接觸程度、 主觀規範、自我效能和事實查核意圖。研究發現，接觸錯誤資訊與事實查核意圖之間 存在正相關，這表明馬來西亞人意識到這一問題並在遇到錯誤資訊時有動機驗證信息。 此外，根據 TPB 框架，研究發現主觀規範和自我效能是影響事實查核意圖的重要因素。 值得注意的是，華人在主觀規範和自我效能之間的關係上具有調節作用。
本研究有助於理解多元文化社會如馬來西亞的事實查核行為。它揭示了選舉期間社會 壓力、自我效能和事實查核之間的相互作用。這些知識可用於制定應對錯誤資訊的策 略，通過解決社會規範和增強公眾對信息來源評估的信心來對抗錯誤資訊。此外，本 研究對於探索自我效能作為主觀規範和事實查核意圖之間的中介作用也為 TPB 文獻提 供了寶貴的貢獻。本研究為進一步探索奠定了基礎。未來的研究可以調查馬來西亞人 遇到的錯誤資訊及其首選的事實查核方法。同時，研究信息素養教育和旨在增強信息 評估自我效能的干預措施的作用也可能是有意義的。

This study investigates how Malaysians perceive and respond to misinformation during elections, primarily focusing on their motivations to fact-check. Grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), we explore the influence of social pressure (subjective norms) and confidence in information evaluation (self-efficacy) on fact-checking intentions. The proliferation of online information, particularly during elections, challenges voters to discern truth from falsehood. This study addresses this critical gap by examining responses to misinformation in the under-researched context of Malaysia, a multicultural Southeast Asian nation.

An online survey was conducted among 431 Malaysian participants, measuring exposure to misinformation, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and fact-checking intentions. The research revealed a positive correlation between exposure to misinformation and the intention to fact-check, suggesting that Malaysians are aware of the issue and motivated to verify information when encountering misinformation. Additionally, the study identified subjective norms and self-efficacy as significant factors influencing fact-checking intentions according to the TPB framework. Notably, Chinese ethnicity moderates the relationship between subjective norms and self-efficacy.

This research contributes to understanding fact-checking behaviour in multicultural societies like Malaysia. It sheds light on the interplay between social pressure, self-efficacy, and fact-checking during elections. This knowledge can inform strategies to combat misinformation by addressing social norms and building public confidence in evaluating information sources. Furthermore, the study's exploration of self-efficacy as a mediator between subjective norms and fact-checking intention offers a valuable contribution to the TPB literature. This research lays the groundwork for further exploration. Future studies could examine the misinformation Malaysians encounter and their preferred fact-checking methods. Additionally, it could be insightful to investigate the role of media literacy education and interventions designed to enhance self-efficacy in information evaluation.

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