論文提要

本研究的目的在探討主管人員武斷性格、性別、職級與其領導方式的關係。

本研究之撰寫計分五章。第一章為緒論旨在闡述研究的動機與目的，並提出問題與假設，作為本研究之基本架構。第二章為文獻探討，乃就武斷性格、性別、職級和領導方式四方面，深入探討其涵義與其相互間的關係，以為本文理論之依據。第三章為研究方法，係將本文之研究設計與實施程序作一詳細說明。第四章為結果與討論，就所得資料之統計結果，加以分析討論。第五章為結論與建議，根據實證發現與理論分析，提出結論與建議，以供日後進一步研究之參考。

茲將本研究之發現與建議扼要敍述如下：

研究結果發現：(1)武斷性格對「重事」領導方式的影響有顯著差異存在，愈武斷者在「重事」層面的分數愈高，卽採「重事」的領導方式。(2)武斷性格與性別對「重人」領導方式的影響有顯著的交互作用存在，較不武斷的女性主管在重人層面的分數愈高，而高武斷的女性主管則愈低。(3)職級對「重事」領導方式的影響有顯著差異，中層主管最重視「重事」的領導方式，高級主管次之，而基層主管最不重視。

基於此，本研究建議：(1)主管人員應了解自己與部屬的武斷程度，使自己的領導方式與部屬的武斷性格及情境條件三者相配，以發揮領導效能，提高生產量。(2)從本研究的樣本中發現，主管人員的武斷程度皆偏高。為使主管人員有一較開放的心態，本研究建議，要降低其武斷程度，應先了解其需要和價值觀，有計劃地改變其動機模式與需要結構，如此才能使其信念改變以保有一開放的心態。(3)本研究的自變項僅包括武斷性格、性別、職級、至於其他影響領導方式的變項則未論及，因此筆者建議今後有關領導方式的實證研究，宜儘量朝多變項的交互作用或相關方向發展．如此，才能對領導方式有一較正確、清晰的了解。

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