彈性與速度是企業進入二十一世紀賴以生存的命脈，特別是在以製造業聞名的台灣，更感受到全球運籌與彈性應變的壓力，從近來國內企業資源規劃(Enteprise Resources Planning;ERP)與供應鏈管理(Supply Chain Management; SCM)軟體的蓬勃發展，便可以知曉企業以資訊夥伴關係，建置商業快速回應系統(Quick Response;QR)提升顧客滿意度的企圖心。

　供應鏈管理在近年來被視為提昇企業競爭力，與上、下游廠商建立信任關係的基礎之一，由於企業全球化的精密分工、接單後生產…等營運方式改變，使得企業亟需思考是否應該投入大量資源來改善供應鏈體系，對於是否、及如何導入「供應鏈管理系統」，其成與效益、導入時間點考量的基準等重要議題往往欠缺有效的評估準則云云，所以本研究乃探討製造業導入供應鏈的關鍵成功因素，期能提供業者經營、策略制定上進一步參考。

　本研究將以國內外學者對供應鏈管理的相關文獻探討為研究基礎，對國內較早引進供應鏈管理、且其供應鏈體系相對較為成熟的資訊硬體產業及汽車產業，各擇一家較具代表性及配合意願較高的廠商進行實地調查的深度研究，以探索發掘供應鏈管理的關鍵要素所在，並歸納出研究結論和相關建議。

　本論文之研究結論如下：

一、外部環境分析方面（驅動供應鏈管理的外部因素）：

（一）近年來由於資訊的科技進步，克服了資訊傳遞、處理、分析等技術問題，有利於供應鏈管理之推動

　（二）行銷典範的移轉及消費觀念改變使供應鏈管理更受重視

　 （三）全球化趨勢催化國內產業引進供應鏈管理

　（四）國際及國內企業間的激烈競爭使得供應鏈管理成為企業的競爭武器

　（五）資訊分享與溝通的需要，使得供應鏈管理重要性更加提升

　（六）政府輔助措施的推動，有利於產業供應鏈管理的建置與推動

　二、企業內的供應鏈管理方面：

（一）應以整體企業來考量供應鏈管理系統的導入及與既有系統的整合

　（二）企業流程再造精神及作法的導入，是引進供應鏈管理成功與否的關鍵因素

　三、企業間之供應鏈管理方面：企業內、外的整合、資源分享為關鍵功因素所在

　四、企業導入供應鏈管理之應有程序：

　（一）確認企業的策略目標及其在供應鏈的角色與目的

　（二）塑造改革願景並對企業策略與可行性發展解決方案

　（三）重新檢視與設計企業活動的流程與責任劃分

　（四）成立供應鏈管理推動小組，由最高管理當局擔任召集人

　（五）建立供應鏈成員的「信任」關係

　（六）釐定上、下游（供應商與客戶）的整合解決方案

　（七）注重「成果導向」

　（八）加強訓練供應鏈管理參與廠商之人員

　（九）將改革專案的精神深植於企業組織文化中

　最後則提出了有關供應鏈成員關係等未來研究方向：如供應鏈管理推動後所產生的效益（有形與無形效益）如何與供應鏈成員分享（主導者、上下游及最終顧客）。此外，供應鏈管理成功與否，上下游供應鏈成員間的互動、「信任」、「合作」往往扮演著關鍵性的地位，因此，應可進一步應用社會學中有關「信任」（trust）方面的領域、理論到供應鏈管理成員信任關係，及該信任關係對供應鏈管理績效的影響。

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"Supply chain management system; SCM" has been deemed as one of the useful tools for businesses to promote their competitiveness, and to build up their trust relationship with up and down stream businesses. According to the evolved business operation modes, such as precise collaboration and BTO (build to order) systems, businesses need to reconsider whether it is necessary to allocate massive resources to improve the function of their supply chains.

　Traditionally, the key factors, including the necessity, effectiveness, process and appropriate timing for SCM adoption, always lack valid criteria for evaluation. This research, therefore, aims to explore the key factors that are required to achieve successful adoption of supply chains to manufacturing industry, and to provide specific references for management policy making. This research begins with elaborating the outcomes of the supply chain literatures published by international scholars. One company each from information hardware and car industries will then be chosen to conduct field study and in-depth research in order to identify the key factors for adopting SCM, and to derive conclusions helpful to optimize business operation. The

　aforementioned conclusions include:

1.Exogenous factors analysis (external driving factors of SCM adoption):

　(1)How does advanced information technology, which overcomes the difficulties of information transferring, processing, and analysis that help promote the adoption of SCM.

　(2)How do marketing paradigm and consuming concept shifts put SCM under the spotlight.

　(3)How does globalization trend urge domestic industries to adopt SCM.

　(4)How does severe competition, between international and domestic businesses, makes SCM become businesses competition forces.

　(5)How do information sharing and communication needs reinforce the importance of SCM.

　(6)How do government incentives help impose and promote SCM.

2.Intra –business SCM:

　(1)Introduce and integrate SCM based on overall business development condition.

　(2)Introduce business process reengineering as the key factor to adopt SCM.

3.Inter-business SCM: To adopt integration of intra- and inter-businesses, and resource sharing as KSF.

　4.Procedures to introduce SCM:

　(1)Identify business strategic goal, role and purpose

　(2)Forge reform vision, strategic plan and feasible resolutions.

　(3)Review and design the mechanism that controls the business activities process and responsibility sharing.

　(4)Establish a SCM committee, and designate a top management as its chairman.

　(5)Build up trust relationship among supply chain member business.

　(6)Propose an integration plan to integrate suppliers (up stream) and clients (down stream).

　(7)Implement outcome-oriented approach.

　(8)Provide necessary personnel training to supply chain member businesses.

　(9)Incorporate the reengineering spirit into business culture.

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