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(一)中文部份：
(1)林清山：「心理與教育統計學」，東華書局，民國六十六年（修訂二版）。(1977)
(2)雲五社會科學大辭典（社會學），商務印書館，民國六十七年（四版）。(1978)
(3)張寶芳：「記者的認知形式與其報導新聞之關係」，政大新聞研究所，民國六十五年。(1976)
(4)張崇仁：「新聞報導者的預存立場與其報導新聞之關係」，政大新聞研究所，民國六十八年。(1979)
(5)劉健順：「新聞與大衆傳播」，廣播電視季刊社，民國六十一年。(1972)
(6)蔡文輝：「社會學理論」，三民書局，民國六十八年。(1979)

(二)英文部份：
(1) Bailey, C. A. and Lichty, L. W. “Rough Justice on a Saigon Street: A Gate Keeper Studs of NBC’s Tet Execution Film,” J.Q., 49: 221-29, 1972.
(2) Bass, A. Z. “Refining the ‘Gate Keeper’ Concept: An UN Radio Case Study,” J.Q., 46: 69-72, 1969.
(3) Berlo, D. K., The Process of Communication, New York: Holf, Rinehart and Winston, 1960.
(4) Blau, P. M. “Social Exchange....Unspecified Obligations & Trust,” in Fred E. Katz (ed.), Contemporary Sociological Theory, New York: Random House, 1971.
(5) Blau, P. M. “Patterns of Choice in Interpersonal Relations," American Sociological Review, Vol.27, PP.41-55, 1962.
(6) Breed, W. "Social Control in the News Room,” Social Force, Vol.33, PP.326-35, 1955.
(7) Buckalew, J. K. “The Local Radio News Editor as Gate Keeper,” Journal of Broadcasting, 18:211-222, 1974.
(8) Counts, Jr. Tilden M. “The Influence of Message and Source on Selection of Statement by Reporters,” J.Q., 59:443-49, 1975.
(9) Davision, W. P., Boylan, J. and Yu, T. C. “Media Sociology,” Mass Media,: Systems and Effects, New York: Praeger Publishers, PP.71-99, 1976.
(10) Deutsch, M. “Group Behavior,” International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, Vol.6, The Macmillan Co. & The Free Press, PP.269-70, 1968.
(11) Dimmick, J. W. “The Gate Keepers: Media Organizations As Political Coalitions,” Communication Research, PP.203-222, April 1979.
(12) Drew, D. G. “Reporters' Attitudes, Expected Meetings with Source and Journalistic Objectivity,” J.Q., 58:219-24, 1975.
(13) Emerson, R. M. “Social Exchange Theory,” in Alex Inkeles and Neil J. Smelser(eds.), Annual Review of Sociology, Vol.2, Palo Alto, California: Annual Reviews, PP.335-362, 1976.
(14) Flegel, R. C. and Chaffee, S. H. “Influence of Editors, Readers, and Personal Opinions on Reporters,” J. Q., 48:645-51, 1971.
(15) Gaibraith, J. K. The New Industrial State, Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1967.
(16) Gieber, W. “Across the Desk: A Study of 16 Telegraph Editors,” J.Q., 33:423- 32, 1956.
(17) Gieber, W. “Two Communicators of the News: A Study of the Roles of Sources and Reporters,” Social Forces, Vol.39, PP.76-83, October 1960.
(18) Gieber, W. ”News Is What a Newspaperman Makes It," in Lewis Dexter and David Manning White (eds.), People, Society and Mass Communication, New York: The Free Press, PP.173-182, 1964.
(19) Grey, D. L. “Decision-Making by a Reporter Under Deadline Pressure,” J.Q., 43:419-27, 1966.
(20) Grusky, O. and Miller, G. A. “Organizational Goals," The Sociology of Organizations: Basic Studies, Free Press, P.213, 1970.
(21) Hirsch, P. M. “Occupational, Organizational, and Institutional Models in Mass Media Research: Toward An Integrated Framwork,” Strategies for Communication Research, Vol.6, Sage, PP.13-42, 1977.
(22) Homans, G. C. “Social Behavior as Exchange,” The American Journal of Sociology, Vol.63, No.6, P.597, May 1958.
(23) Homans, G. C. “The Study of Groups,” International Encyclopedia of Social Science, Vol.6, The Macmillan Co. & The Free Press, PP.259-65, 1968.
(24) Kapoor, S. “Perception of and Conformity to Policy in Indian Newspapers,” J.Q., 56:388-391, Summer 1979.
(25) Kerrick, J. S., Anderson, T. E. and Swabs, L. B. “Balance and the Writer’s
Attitude in News Stories and Editorials,” J.Q., 41:207-15, 1964.
(26) Larry, S. R. “News Values and News Decisions of High and Low Authoritarian
Editors,” Ed. D. dissertation, Oklahoma State University, 1973.
(27) Lewin, K. “Channels of Group Life,” Human Relations, 1:143-53, November 1947.
(28) Liebes, B. H. “Decision-Making by Telegraph Editors- AP or UPI?,” J. Q., 43:434-42, 1966.
(29) Lin, N. “Structural (Sociometric) Analysis,” Foundations of Social Research, New York: McGraw, PP.329-49, 1976.
(30) Lipset, S. M., Trow, M. A. and Coleman, J. S. “Generalizing from a Case Study:
Problems of Analysis,” in Oscar Grusky and George A. Miller (eds.), The Sociology of Organizations: Basic Studies, Free Press, PP.169-74, 1970.
(31) March, J. G. and Simon, H. A. “The Business Firm as a Political Coalitions,” Journal of Politics, 24:662-678, 1962.
(32) Matejko, A. “Newspaper Staff as a Social System,” The Polish Sociological Bulletin, 1:58-68, 1967.
(33) Narasimhan, V. K. “Shaping of Editorial Policy in the Indian Press,” J.Q., 33:
208-13, Spring 1956.
(34) Pool, Ithiel de Sola, and Shulman, I. “Newsmen’s Fantasies, Audiences, and News writing,” P.O.Q., 23:145-58, 1958.
(35) Robinson, G. J. “Foreign News Selection Is Non-Linear in Yugoslavia’s Tanjug Agency,” J.Q., 47:340-51, Summer 1970.
(36) Rosengren, K. E. and Windahl, S. “Mass Media Consumption as a Functional Alternative,” in Denis McQuail (ed.), The Sociology of Mass Communication, London: Penguin, PP.166-94, 1972.
(37) Roshco, B. Newsmaking, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1975.
(38) Shaw, D. L. “The Press Agenda in a Community Setting,” The Emergence of American Political Issues: The Agenda-Setting of the Press, West Publishing Co., PP.19-31, 1977.
(39) Sigelman, L. “Reporting the News: An Organizational Analysis,” American Journal
of Sociology, 79:132-151, 1973.
(40) Snider, P. B. “Mr. ’Gate Keeper’ Revisited: A 1966 Version of the 1949 Case Study,” J. Q., 44: 419-27, 1967.
(41) Stark, R. W. “Policy and Pros: An Organizational Analysis of a Metropolitan Newspaper,” Berkeley Journal of Sociology, 1:11-32, 1962.
(42) Stone, V. A. and Bell, L. T. “To Kill a Messenger: A Case of Congruity,” J.Q., 57:111-114, 1975.
(43) Warner, M. “Organizational Context and Control of Policy in the Television Newsroom: A Participant Observation Study,” British Journal of Sociology, 22: 283-294, 1971.
(44) White, D. M. “The ‘Gate Keeper’: A Case Study in the Selection of News,” J.Q., 27:383-90, 1950.